Objective To investigate the effect of WO-1 on the proliferation and differentiation of human embryonic osteoblasts (HEO) and to provide research methods of bone tissue engineering. Methods HEO were isolated from periosteum and calvaria and then cultrued in vitro. The doseeffect relationship between WO-1 concentration and biological effect of HEO was evaluated by growth curve and 3 H-TdR count. The effect of WO-1 on cell activity and proliferation was investigated by cloning efficiency,cell cycle analysis was determined by flow cytometer and morphological was examined through transmission electron microscope. Moreover, the effect of WO-1 on osteoblastic function was evaluated at protein and mRNA levels by ALP activity, 3 H-proline incorporation, osteocalcin secretion (RIA) and mRNA expression of type I collagen and osteocalcin (RT-PCR). Results The proliferation of HEO was inhibited in high concentration of WO-1,while it was promoted in low concentration of WO-1. The optimal dose was 8 μg/ml, and there was dose-effect relationship in the certain range of WO-1 concentration (0.25 μg/ml to 8 μg/ml). In 8 μg/ml of WO-1, the cloning efficiency and cloning volume of HEO were inereased, population doubling time was decreased.All indexes of ostoblastic function including ALP activity, type I collagen synthesis and osteocalcin secertion were inereased, the more sufficed cell organs were observed under transmission electron microscope than control group(P＜0.05). Conclusion WO-1 can promote the cell activity and proliferation of HEO cultured in vitro inlow concentration, enhance the synthesis of extracellular mamix, such as type Icollagen and osteocalcin, and accelerate the mineralization of osteoid. WO-1 can be used as a stimulant of proliferation and differentiation of HEO in the research of bone tissue engineering, which provide the theoretical basis in clinical application.
ObjectiveTo explore the changes of bone and risk of micro-fracture in femoral head after removal of cannulated screws following femoral neck fracture healing under the impact force of daily stress.MethodsA total of 42 specimens of normal hip joint were collected from 21 adult fresh cadaveric pelvic specimens. Wiberg central-edge (CE) angle, bone mineral density, diameter of femoral head, neck-shaft angle, and anteversion angle of femoral neck were measured. Then, the 3 cannulated screws were implanted according to the AO recommended method and removed to simulate the complete anatomical union of femoral neck fracture. The morphology of screw canal in the femoral head was observed by CT. Finally, the specimens were immobilized vertically within the impact device in an upside-down manner, and the femoral heads were impacted vertically. Every specimen was impacted at 200, 600, and 1 980 N for 20 times with the impacting device. After impact, every specimen was scanned by CT to observe the morphology changes of screw canal in the femoral head. Micro-fractures in the femoral head could be confirmed when there was change in the morphology of screw canal, and statistical software was used to analyze the risk factors associated with micro-fractures.ResultsAfter impact at 200 and 600 N, CT showed that the morphology of screw canal of all specimens did not change significantly compared with the original. After impact at 1 980 N, there were protrusion and narrowing in the screw canal of the 22 femoral head specimens (11 pelvic specimens), showing obvious changes compared with the original screw canal, indicating that there were micro-fractures in the femoral head. The incidence of micro-fracture was 52.38% (11/21). logistic regression results showed that there was correlation between micro-fracture and bone mineral density (P= 0.039), but no correlation was found with CE angle, diameter of femoral head, neck-shaft angle, and anteversion angle (P>0.05).ConclusionThe micro-fractures in the femoral head may occur when the femoral head is impacted by daily activities after removal of cannulated screws for femoral neck fractures, and such micro-fractures are associated with decreased bone density of the femoral head.
Objective To investigate the effect of picroside Ⅱ (PIC Ⅱ) on the pyroptosis and thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP)/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) signaling pathway in alveolar epithelial cells of severe pneumonia rats. Methods A severe pneumonia rat model was constructed and all experimental rats were divided into a control group, a severe pneumonia group, low, medium, and high dose PIC Ⅱ groups (PIC Ⅱ-L, PIC Ⅱ-M, PIC Ⅱ-H groups), and a high-dose PIC Ⅱ+TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway activator trimethylamine oxide group (PIC Ⅱ-H+TMAO group). The levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by ELISA; Wright’s staining was applied to detect eosinophil count (EOS), lymphocyte count (LYM), and neutrophil count (NEU) in the sediment of alveolar lavage fluid. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue. The expressions of cysteine aspartate protease 1 (Caspase-1) and dermatin D (GSDMD) were detected by immunohistochemistry. The expressions of TXNIP, NLRP3 and apoptosis-associated microprotein (ASC) were detected by Western blot. Results Compared with the control group, the severe pneumonia group had severe lung tissue injury, obvious inflammatory cell infiltration, and increased expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, EOS, LYM, NEU, Caspase-1, GSDMD, TXNIP, NLRP3 and ASC (all P<0.05). Compared with the severe pneumonia group, lung tissue injury in PIC Ⅱ-L, PIC Ⅱ-M and PIC Ⅱ-H groups was reduced successively, and inflammatory cell infiltration was gradually reduced. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, EOS, LYM, NEU, Caspase-1, GSDMD, TXNIP, NLRP3 and ASC were decreased successively (all P<0.05). Compared with the PIC Ⅱ-H group, the PIC Ⅱ-H+TMAO group showed increased lung tissue damage and obviously increased inflammatory cell infiltration, the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, EOS, LYM, NEU, Caspase-1, GSDMD, TXNIP, NLRP3, and ASC were obviously increased (all P<0.05). Conclusion PIC Ⅱ inhibits pyroptosis of alveolar epithelial cells in severe pneumonia rats by inhibiting the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway.
ObjectiveTo explore the effectiveness of annular ligament reposition and repair via Henry’s approach for Monteggia fracture in children.MethodsA clinical data of 21 children with Monteggia fractures was retrospectively analysed, who underwent open reduction of the radial head and annular ligament reposition and repair via Henry’s approach between May 2015 and July 2019. There were 11 boys and 10 girls with an average age of 8 years and 1 month (range, 4 years and 5 months to 14 years and 4 months). The fracture was caused by falling in 17 cases and by falling from height in 4 cases. There were 16 fresh fractures and 5 old fractures. The Monteggia fractures were rated as Bado typeⅠin 14 cases and Bado type Ⅲ in 7 cases. Preoperative MRI examination and intraoperative observation confirmed that the annular ligament was intact. After operation, the fracture healing, elbow range of motion (ROM), and complications were recorded, and the effectiveness was evaluated according to the Mackay’s function scoring system.ResultsThe incisions healed by first intention after operation, and there was no complication such as radial nerve injury. All children were followed up 12-25 months, with an average of 15 months. No dislocation or subluxation of the radial head occurred after operation. At last follow-up, the ROM of elbow flexion and extension of the children with old fractures increased from (92.6±11.2)° before operation to (123.6±11.6)°, and the ROM of forearm rotation from (96.8±11.8)° to (129.8±5.9)°; the differences between pre- and post-operation were significant (t=7.672, P=0.002; t=9.487, P=0.001); the ROM of elbow flexion and extension of the children with fresh fractures was 139°-156° (mean, 145°); the ROM of forearm rotation was 158°-168° (mean, 162°). According to Mackay’s criteria, 17 cases were excellent and 4 cases were good, with an excellent and good rate of 100%. X-ray film examination showed no nonunion, heterotopic ossification, or loosening of internal fixation after operation. The ulnar fracture and the ulnar osteotomy healed in all cases.ConclusionThe annular ligament in Monteggia fractures in children is intact. Compared with the reconstruction of the annular ligament, the reposition and repair of the annular ligament via Henry’s approach is closer to the original anatomical state of the annular ligament and has the advantages of less trauma and fewer complications.
Objective To investigate the effectiveness of a novel lateral tibial plateau annular plate (hereinafter referred to as the novel plate) fixation via fibular neck osteotomy approach for posterolateral tibial plateau fractures. Methods Between January 2015 and December 2018, 22 patients with posterolateral tibial plateau fractures were treated. There were 10 males and 12 females with an average age of 39.0 years (range, 25-56 years). Seven fractures were caused by falls, 10 by traffic accidents, and 5 by falling from height. The time from injury to hospitalization ranged from 3 to 12 days, with an average of 7.0 days. All patients were closed fractures. According to Schatzker classification, the fractures were classified as type Ⅱ in 8 cases, type Ⅲ in 9 cases, type Ⅴ in 1 case, and type Ⅵ in 4 cases. The fractures were fixed with the novel plates after reduction via fibular neck osteotomy approach. The fracture reduction and healing were observed by X-ray film after operation. The range of motion of the knee joint was recorded and the function was evaluated by modified American Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) score. Results All operations were completed successfully. The operation time was 60-95 minutes (mean, 77.6 minutes). The intraoperative blood loss was 100-520 mL (mean, 214.5 mL). There was 1 case of common peroneal nerve injury during operation and 2 cases of fat liquefaction of incision after operation. All patients were followed up 13-32 months (mean, 19.4 months). Postoperative X-ray films showed that the fracture reduction was good in 17 cases and moderate in 5 cases, and all fractures healed with a healing time of 10-18 weeks (mean, 13.0 weeks). At last follow-up, the range of motion of the knee joint ranged from 100° to 145° in flexion (mean, 125.5°) and from 0° to 4° in extension (mean, 1.2°). The modified HSS score was 82-95 (mean, 86.3). There was no complications such as plate deformation, screw fracture, fracture reduction loss, skin necrosis, and so on. Conclusion For posterolateral tibial plateau fractures, the novel plate fixation via fibular neck osteotomy approach has the advantages of clear intraoperative field, firm fracture fixation, and less postoperative complications, which is beneficial to the recovery of knee joint function.
ObjectiveTo introduce a new method for identifying intersegmental planes during thoracoscopic segmentectomy using pulmonary circulation single-blocking in the target segment. MethodsTo retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 83 patients who underwent thoracoscopic pulmonary segmentectomy from January 2019 to March 2020 using the pulmonary circulation single-blocking method. There were 33 males and 50 females, with a median age of 54 (46-65) years, and they were divided into a single vein group (SVG, n=31) and a single artery group (SAG, n=52), and the clinical data of two groups were compared. ResultsThe intersegmental planes were identified successfully in both groups and there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of intersegmental plane management (P=0.823), operating time (P=0.786), intraoperative blood loss (P=0.775), chest drainage time (P=0.659), postoperative hospital stay (P=0.824) or the incidence of postoperative complications (P=1.000). ConclusionThe use of pulmonary circulation single-blocking for intersegmental plane identification during thoracoscopic segmentectomy is safe and feasible, and the intersegmental plane can be satisfactorily identified by the single-blocking of arteries or veins.
目的 观察比较盐酸氨基葡萄糖单独使用及与硫酸软骨素联合使用治疗腰椎小关节骨关节炎（LFOA） 的临床疗效。 方法 2009年1月－2011年1月，将80例LFOA患者随机分成两组，A组口服盐酸氨基葡萄糖，B组口服盐酸氨基葡萄糖和硫酸软骨素两种药物，6周为1个疗程，间断治疗4个疗程。分别比较用药前与用药后3、6周及5、8、11个月时的日本骨科协会（JOA）评分、晨僵和压痛程度变化。 结果 治疗后，两组的JOA评分在各观察时点均增加，与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。组间行JOA评分治疗改善率的比较，在各观察时点差异均有统计学意义（P＜0.05），B组JOA评分改善率优于A组。治疗3周后，两组晨僵和压痛评分均降低，与本组治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；组间比较，差异亦有统计学意义（P＜0.05），B组晨僵和压痛程度均低于A组。第6周，第5、8、11个月，两组组间比较晨僵和压痛程度差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05），但各疗程结束后两组晨僵和压痛程度均呈持续降低趋势。 结论 单独应用盐酸氨基葡萄糖及盐酸氨基葡萄糖与硫酸软骨素的联合应用治疗LFOA疗效确切，联合用药优于单独应用盐酸氨基葡萄糖。
Objective To investigate the advance in surgical treatment of inferior pole fracture of patella and to explore the existing problems and further research directions. Methods Domestic and foreign l iterature in recent years on patella fracture was extensively reviewed, the surgical treatment of inferior pole fracture of patella was summarized by combining the research findings with cl inical experience. Results The surgical treatment of inferior pole of patella fractures included retaining the integrity of the patella and partial patellectomy of inferior pole of patella and extending knee installationreconstruction. There were kinds of ways to retain the integrity of the patella, such as circular wire fixation, tension bandfixation, NiTi-patella concentrotor fixation, basket plate fixation, reforming McLaughl in way and polydioxanone suture netfixation; the latter category is partial patellectomy and extensor device reconstruction. Every surgical way had its advantages and l imitations. Conclusion Most studies tend to retain the integrity of the patella, but some researches have shown that partial resection of inferior pole of patella had no significant effect on knee function. It is important to obtain the security excisional range and elongation range postoperative by experiment for regulating the treatment of comminuted fractures of inferior pole of patella.
Objective To explore the cl inical appl ication of rib autograft for reconstructing il iac crest by anterior approach of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, and to observe the short-term and long-term effects. Methods From September 2004 to September 2007, 54 cases of thoracic and lumbar injuries were treated by the surgery of anterior approach of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae.There were 39 males and 15 females with an average age of 42 years old (range, 27-59 years old), including 4 cases of tuberculosis of spine and 50 cases of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae bursting fracture. All cases underwent the surgery of anterior approach of thoracic or lumbar and il iac crest was used as autograft. Fifty-four patients wererandomized into the reconstruction group (RG, n=25) and the non-reconstruction group (NRG, n=29). The patients of RGgroup were treated with rib autograft for reconstructing il iac crest. There were no statistically significant differences in general data between two groups (P gt; 0.05). The visual analogue scores (VAS) was used to estimate pain degree of treated hip after 2 weeks, and 3, 12 months. The extenion satisfaction grade of il iac crest and the comfort degree of action while bundl ing waist belt were estimated after 12 months. It was observed whether or not anterior superior il iac spine avulsion fracture occurred on the premise of non-accidental trauma within 1 year. The occurrence of fracture and the union status of reconstructed il iac crest were observed by X-ray after 1 year. Results All wounds achieved primary heal ing. No compl ication was found at early stage. All patients were followed up 1 year. There was no significant difference in the VAS of the treated hip under conditions of cl inostatism rest between two groups after 2 weeks and 3 months (P gt; 0.05). But there was significant difference in the VAS under conditions of action after 2 weeks and 3 months, under conditions of cl inostatism rest after 12 months (P lt; 0.05), and the VAS of RG was lower than that of NRG. The exterior satisfaction grade of il iac crest and comfort degree of action while bundl ing waist belt in RG were higher than those in NRG after 1 year, showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05). No anterior superior il iac spine avulsion fracture occurred after 1 year. And in RG group no fracture of reconstructed il iac crest occurred after 1 year. The X-ray film showed that the two ends of rib reconstructed by il iac crest were blur, and that the rib healed well with il iac bone. Conclusion Rib autograft for reconstruction of il iac crest by anterior approach of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae was economic and convenient. It could improve local appearance, reduce the local pain, and improve patients’ l ife quality.
ObjectiveTo systematically evaluate the effects of telemedicine on the management of warfarin therapy.MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database (from inception to February 2020) and conducted retrospective literature searching to identify studies about the management of warfarin using telemedicine intervention techniques. R language software was used to evaluate the efficacy and safety of telemedicine on warfarin management.ResultsA total of 7 239 articles were retrieved, and 12 articles were finally included according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, totaling 8 112 patients, including 3 726 patients in the intervention group and 4 386 patients in the control group. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was a statistical difference in the accurate international normalized ratio (INR) treatment target range time ratio between the intervention group and the control group (MD=6.52, 95%CI 2.13 to 10.92, P<0.01, I2=89%). The incidence of bleeding events (RR=0.61, 95%CI 0.46 to 0.81, P=0.97, I2=0%) and the incidence of thromboembolic events (RR=0.50, 95%CI 0.29 to 0.85, P=0.63, I2=0%) were not statistically different between the two groups. ConclusionExisting evidence indicates that telemedicine management has a benefit in anticoagulant efficacy compared with conventional anticoagulant management in patients with thrombotic diseases, but there is no statistical difference in safety. Limited by the quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusion needs to be verified by more high-quality studies.