ObjectiveTo evaluate the clinical effect of early and deferred intravesical instillation in the treatment of cystitis glandularis after transurethral resection (TUR). MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 95 patients with cystitis glandularis during February 2007 to April 2012. Among them, 37 patients underwent the first intravesical instillation within 24 hours after transurethral resection (group A), while the others underwent the same treatment within a week (group B). Then, intravesical instillation in all patients were carried out once every week for 8 weeks, and after that, it was carried out once every month for 5 to 10 months. All the patients were followed up for 12 to 16 months. The cure rate, improvement rate, total effective rate, recurrence rate and incidence of adverse events associated with therapy were observed. ResultsRecovery rate, improvement rate, side effects were observed in group A and B respectively, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). But there was significant difference in the total effective rate and recurrence rate (P<0.05). ConclusionThe first intravesical instillation within 24 hours after transurethral resection in the treatment of cystitis glandularis can improve curative effect and lower recurrence rate, without the increase of side effects.