On the basis of established JF305 cell line from human pancreatic cancer at this university, cell clone technique, cell electrophoresis, flower cytometer, and cancer orthotopically implanted nude mice technique were used to establish the sublines with different metastatic potential from human pancreatic cancer line-JF305 and the nude mice model implanted orthotopically with human pancreatic cancer monoclonal sublines with different metastatic potential. The results showed that the monoclonal cell sublines with different metastatic potential from human pancreatic caner-JF305 and the nude mice model implanted orthotopically with the sublines, would provided a useful method to study the metastatic mechanism of human pancreatic cancer.
Interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-2(IL-2) and interleukin-6(IL-6) activities and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) contents in plasma from patients with different sites of cancers as well as controls using bioassay technique were studied. The results showed that the levels of IL-1,IL-2,IL-6 s from patients with different sites of cancer were decreased remarkably in comparision with controls and the contents of TNF from patients with different sites of cancers increased significantly. But the difference between different sites of cancer was not statistically significant. The data suggest that the variations in the contents of TNF and the levels of interleukins may be related to the development of these caner patients.
Twenty-eight cases of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)involving bile duct and causing obstructive jaudice in this hospital between 1987-1994 were studied.In this series cancerous cast formation in bile duct was found in 13 cases and cancerous thrombus in 15 cases which accounts for 5.7% of 487 HCC patients admitted to this hospital in the same period.According to the operative and pathological findings,characteristics of cancerous cast type are:①direct connection of cancerous cast with the primary tumor as a dumb bell-shped,②no adhesion between the cast and the thin wall of bile duct,③central location of the primary tumor in liver near the larger bile duct and ④HCC tissues seen in pathologic section of the cast.Characteristics of cancerous thrombus type are:①no connection between intraductal thrombus and the primary tumor,②segmental stenosis or obstruction of the bile duct,③adherence of cancerous thrombus to the thick ductal wall,④peripheral location of the primary tumor and⑤HCC cells scattered in the thrombus.
Forty-five pancreatoduodenectomies had been performed in our hospital from 1981 to 1994, of which 35 cases were diagnosed as carcinomas of Vater’s ampulla or pancreatic head, and 10 (cases) as benign lesions. Through analysis of misdiagnosed cases, the authors emphasize that it is important to take correct history of jaundiced patients in detail according to the character of the jaundice and associated symptoms before any operation done. Secondly, all clinical materials must be thoroughly collected and special examinations for diagnosis should be chosen scientifically to avoid relying only on one sort of examination result as diagnostic standard. Thirdly, during operation the area of pancreatic head should be explored carefully and any lesions in doubt should be examined pathologically by puncture biopsy and frozen section to avoid misdiagnosis and thus performing pancreatoduodenectomy.
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)was measured with ABC immunohistochemistry method in fourty-one gastric cancer tissues and sixty-six tissue from normal stomach and gastric benign lesions. The study revealed that the reactive signals in the former were ber than those in the latter. Simultaneously, CEA localized mainly in the cytoplasm or stroma in the cancerous tissue, but in normal gastric tissue or benign gastric lession, CEA distributed mainly in the margin of gland with gastric depression or membranous type. The result also revealed that the distribution patterns of ECA were linked with the cell growth types and infiltrating of gastric cancer. The authors consider that the expression state of CEA in gastric cancer is correlated with its biological behavior, and distribution patterns of CEA are more clinically significant than reactive intensities in the tissue. Patients have different prognosis with different CEA distribution patterns in tissue though their pathological types and TNM stages are the same.
COPD 和肺癌均为最常见的吸烟相关呼吸道疾病。吸入性糖皮质激素( ICS) 近年来被推荐用于重度COPD 的治疗, 同时也被发现在肺癌的化学预防中起重要作用。本文通过综述ICS、COPD 和肺癌之间的关系, 特别是吸入糖皮质激素在肺癌中的化学预防作用, 以期进一步明确ICS 在COPD和肺癌中的作用。
Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of complete video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery （VATS）anatomic segmentectomy. Methods Clinical data of 26 patients with lung diseases who underwent complete VATS anatomic segmentectomy in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from November 2010 to July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 8 male and 18 female patients with their age of 13-81 （53.2±3.1） years. There were 23 patients with pulmonary nodules including 13 patients who underwent direct surgical resection and 10 patients with ground-glass opacity nodules （3 patients received preoperative localization and the other 7 patients received direct surgical resection）. All the 3 patients with non-nodule pulmonary diseases （bronchiectasis, pulmonary bulla and pulmonary cyst respectively） underwent direct surgical resection. Results All the 26 patients received complete VATS anatomic segme- ntectomy successfully. The operation time was 150-250 （193.7±7.3） min，and intraoperative blood loss was 10-200 （65.7±12.7） ml. Patients with lung cancer received 4-7 （5.1±0.3） stations of lymph node dissection and the number of lymph node dissection was 4-16 （12.3±0.5） for each patient. There was no in-hospital death or postoperative complication. Postoperative thoracic drainage time was 3-7 （3.9±0.4） days. All the patients were discharge uneventfully. Lung cancer patients were followed up for 3-6 months without recurrence or metastasis. Conclusion Complete VATS anatomic segmentectomy is a safe and feasible surgical procedure.
Increasing evidence suggests that many types of cancers contain a population of cells that display stem cell properties. These cells are called cancer stem cells （CSCs），which are closely related to tumor initiation，growth，metastasis and chemoresistance. CSCs are also found in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）. These cells are characterized by potential of self-renewal and differentiation，tumor formation in nude mice and chemotherapy resistance，and thus may play an important role in targeted cancer therapies. Current methods for culturing and sorting CSCs in ESCC mainly include fluorescence activated cell sorting （FACS），magnetic activated cell sorting （MACS），suspension culture，and side population （SP） cell sorting. In this review，we focus on current research methods for CSCs in ESCC，their biological characteristics and areas for improvement. We believe that a combination of multiple cell-surface makers is needed for research of CSCs in ESCC.
The TNM staging of lung cancer which is now widely used in clinic was formally proposed in 1997. It has played quite an important role in directing the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer as well as the clinical research in the past decade. However, at the same time, there are some insufficiencies which are emerging gradually. By collecting the clinical information from 100 869 patients, in 2007, International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer(IASLC) made a deep analysis on the relativity between TNM staging and prognosis, and put forward the suggestions to revise the Seventh Edition of the TNM staging of lung cancer: (1) According to the size of tumor, the primary T staging is divide into T1a (the maximum tumor diameter≤2 cm), T1b (3 cm≥the maximum tumor diameter＞2 cm), T2a (5 cm≥the maximum tumor diameter＞3 cm) and T2b (7 cm≥the maximum tumor diameter＞5 cm); (2) T 2c (the maximum tumor diameter gt;7 cm) and additional nodules in the same lobe are classified as T3, while nodules in the ipsilateral nonprimary lobe are classified as T4;(3) Cancerous hydrothorax, pericardial effusion and the additional nodules in the contralateral lung are classified as M1a, while the extrapulmonary metastases are classified as M1b. It is believed that the new revised edition will has higher international authority and identification degree, and it will play a more meticulous and accurate guiding role in the treatment of lung cancer and its predicting prognosis in the future. At the same time, it will provide a new starting point to the research of lung cancer.