【Abstract】ObjectiveTo detect the spreading scope of rectal cancer to mesorectum by RT-PCR using carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA as a marker and to investigate the excision scope of mesorectum in resection of rectal cancer. MethodsForty specimens from 40 rectal cancer patients who underwent curative operation was employed to detect the metastatic deposits scattered in the mesorectum by RT-PCR using CEA as a marker. ResultsNine of 40 (22.5%) specimens contained metastatic deposits scattered in the mesorectum. The metastasis was just within the range of 4cm mesorectum under the verge of tumor. The tumor spreading to mesorectum is correlated with Dukes stages，the infiltrated depth of bowel wall, tumor differentiation and tumor type(P＜0.05), and is not correlated with the size of tumor and the level of CEA(Pgt;0.05). ConclusionThe excision of mesorectum should be within the range of 5cm under the verge of tumor in surgical management of rectal cancer.
Objective To explore the value of expression of carcinomaassociated antigens in early diagnosis and predicting prognosis in gallbladder carcinoma. MethodsThe expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), carbohydrate antigen (CA50), Ecadherin (ECD) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in 10 cases of cholecystitis, 10 cases of gallbladder adenomas and 50 cases of gallbladder carcinomas were detected by immunohistochemistry. ResultsThe positive rate of CEA, CA50 and PCNA labeling index (LI) in gallbladder carcinomas were significantly higher than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01). The positive rate of ECD in gallbladder carcinomas, especially with metastasis, was significantly lower than that of gallbladder adenomas and cholecystitis (P＜0.05). The 3year survival rate was significantly lower in gallbladder carcinomas with CEA and PCNA overexpression (P＜0.05), the 3year survival rate in patients with ECD positive tumors was higher than that of those with negative tumors (P＜0.05). Conclusion The detection of CEA, CA50 and PCNA is useful for early diagnosis of malignant change in gallbladder adenomas and gallbladder carcinomas. Therefore, the CEA, PCNA and ECD might be useful for predicting prognosis of gallbladder carcinomas.
【Abstract】Objective To compare the reliability of serum tumour specific growth factor (TSGF) with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in the diagnosis of tumour. Methods The patients were divided into two groups according to malignancy and benignity. In benignity, the patients were subdivided into inflammatory and non-inflammatory groups. The levels of TSGF and CEA in the two groups were measured. Results The positive rate of TSGF and CEA in malignant group was 67.41% and 38.84% respectively; that in benign was 24.56% and 2.63% respectively, in which the inflammatory group was 32.35% and 5.88% respectively, and in non-inflammatory group was 18.25% and 0% respectively. The positive rate of TSGF and CEA was higher in malignant than in benign group (P＜0.005). The positive rate of TSGF was higher than CEA in malignant (P＜0.005) and inflammatory group (P＜0.005). Conclusion Serum TSGF is a useful blood marker in the diagnosis of patients with malignancy, and is a more sensitive and broad-spectrum marker than CEA for the diagnosis of tumours. CEA is more specific than TSGF for the diagnosis of tumours. Combined measurement both TSGF and CEA will enhance the diagnostic rate.
Radioimmunoassay was performed to measure carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels in gastric juice before and after operation in 51 gastric cancer patients (group Ⅰ)， 33 patients with gastric benign lesion (group Ⅱ) and 8 patients with malignant lesion in digestive system other than gastric cancer (group Ⅲ). The results showed that preoperative CEA levels of in group Ⅰ were the highest among three groups (Ｐ＜0.01), but no statistic difference was noted in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ. In group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ, postoperative CEA levels were higer than the preoperative levels. The authors believe that preoperative CEA measurement of gstric juice is an accessory method in diagnosing gastric cancer, nevertheless, there is no diagnostic significence of postoperative measurement in patient undergone partial gastrectomy.
Objective To evaluate branched-chain DNA (b-DNA) signal amplification and semi-quantitative (Sq) RT-PCR in detection of free cancer cells in peritoneal flushing fluid of colorectal cancer patients during surgery. Methods The CEA mRNA in peritoneal flushing fluid in 48 cases of colorectal cancer were detected by b-DNA and SqRT-PCR. Peritoneal flushing fluid cytology (PLC) was conformed simultaneously to detect the free cancer cells. The peritoneal flushing fluid of 12 cases with colorectal benign disease were taken as negative control, GAPDH mRNA as internal control. Results In colorectal cancer patients, positive rate of free cancer cells by bDNA and SqRT-PCR （43.8%, 31.3%） was higher than that by PLC （4.2%）. The relative quantitative expressions of CEA mRNA were related to the Dukes staging， depth invasion and differentiation degree (Plt;0.05)， but irrelevant to tumor size，the patients’ age and gender (Pgt;0.05).Conclusion Both b-DNA and SqRT-PCR technologies have advantages and disadvantages to detect free cancer cells in peritoneal flushing fluid， which are related to clinicopathological factors.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo eliminate the interference of CEA-related substances in CEA measurement and increase the specificity of CEA in the detection of malignant digestive diseases. MethodsCEA level of peripheral blood and digestive juice (bile, gastric juice) from patients with benign or malignant digestive diseases was measured by ELISA, and semi-dry electrophoretic transfer method of Western blot technique to distinguish CEA and CEA-related substances. ResultsIn malignant diseases, the CEA level of digestive juice was significantly higher than that in the blood, and there was no difference of CEA level in digestive juice and blood in benign diseases. Meanwhile, the CEA level of digestive juice and blood in malignant diseases were significantly higher than that in benign diseases. A specific band (molecular weight about 210×103) was detected in all malignant diseases except four cases whose CEA level was too low (less than 5 μg/L), whereas no one of benign diseases had this specific band no matter how high or low the CEA level was. ConclusionThe specificity of CEA detection in malignant digestive diseases can be improved by using digestive juice as sample and combining with Western blot technique.
Objective To evaluate the value of bile and serum CA19-9 in diagnosing biliary tract carcinoma. Methods Bile and serum CA199 and CEA were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). Results The dividing value of bile CA199 is 12 000 kU/L, and its sensitivity and specificity were 85.71%, 73.91% respectively. The dividing value of bile CEA is 480 μg/L, and its corresponding indexes were 57.14% and 77.17%. The false positive rate of bile CA19-9 and CEA were 26.09% and 22.83%. Serum CA19-9 sensitivity, specificity were 80.00% and 85.11%; the corresponding indexes of serum CEA were 68.57% and 82.97%. Conclusion CA19-9 is an effective tumor marker in diagnosing, deciding whether the tumor has been radically resected and in monitoring its response to the treatment.
ObjectiveTo investigated the levels of aldolase A (ALDOA) in pleural effusion in patients with different pathological types of lung cancer and patients with tuberculous pleurisy,and the correlation between ALDOA and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH). Methods80 cases of pleural effusion samples were collected,of which 65 cases of lung cancer (malignant group) and 15 cases of tuberculous pleurisy (TB group). All the patients were not treated with anti-inflammatory or steroid therapy. ALDOA concentrations in pleural effusion were detected by ELISA and the contents of CEA and LDH in pleural fluid were detected by chemiluminescence assay. ResultsThe levels of ALDOA,CEA and LDH in the malignant group were 46.75±21.39 ng/mL,82.24±56.63 ng/mL,755.76±382.54 U/L respectively,and were 23.92±17.21 ng/mL,2.55±1.67 ng/mL,and 388.37±163.87 U/L in the TB group respectively. The levels of ALDOA,CEA and LDH in the malignant group were significantly higher than those in the TB group (P<0.01). The concentrations of ALDOA in malignant pleural effusion from different pathological types of lung cancer were 71.65±32.09 ng/mL(adenocarcinoma),22.43±18.23 ng/mL(small cell lung cancer),and 19.16±13.85 ng/mL(squamous cell carcinoma),respectively. The concentration of ALDOA in malignant pleural effusion from the adenocarcinoma patients was significantly higher than that in the other two types (P<0.05). The concentration of CEA was 112.40±62.71 ng/mL(adenocarcinoma),62.45±54.78 ng/mL(small cell lung cancer),and 71.87±52.4 ng/mL(squamous cell carcinoma),respectively. It was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma than that in other two types (P<0.05). The levels of LDH were 661.81±328.93 U/L(adenocarcinoma),737.62±315.41 U/L(small cell lung cancer),767.85±503.28 U/L(squamous cell carcinoma),respectively. There was no significant difference in three types(P>0.05). The concentrations of ALDOA in pleural effusion from the patients with lung cancer or tuberculous pleurisy were positively correlated with the concentrations of CEA and LDH (P<0.01 or 0.05). ConclusionThe levels of ALDOA,CEA and LDH in malignant pleural effusion from lung cancer patients were significantly higher than those in pleural effusion from patients with tuberculous pleurisy. The ALDOA and CEA levels in malignant pleural effusion from lung adenocarcinoma patients were significantly higher than those in small cell lung cancer and squamous cell carcinoma patients. There were highly positive correlation between ALDOA,CEA and LDH levels.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of five copies hypoxia-responsive element (5HRE) and carcinoembryonic antigen promoter (CEAp) element, and to explore the inhibition effect of lentiviral vectors targeted Ras association domain family 1 isoform A (RASSF1A) gene on SGC7901 human gastric cancer cells. Methods①Expressions of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) mRNA and its protein, and RASSF1A protein in SGC7901, MKN28, and MCF-10A cells were detect by real time-PCR (qRT-PCR), immunocytochemistry, and Western blot, to confirm the experimental and negative control cells.②The recombinant vectors of pGL4.20-5HRE-CEAp-Luc were constructed through molecular cloning technique to transfected SGC7901, MKN28, and MCF-10A cells. Each kind of cell was divided into 2 groups:one of them didn't add CoCl2 (normoxia group), and another group added CoCl2 (hypoxia group). Comparison of the fold of activation was performed.③SGC7901 cells were infected by lentiviral vectors of pLV-5HRE-CEAp-RASSF1A (infection group) and negative virus (negative control group), SGC7901 cells without any treatment as blank control group. Then SGC7901 cells of 3 groups were divided into 2 groups:one of them didn't add CoCl2 (normoxia group), and another group added CoCl2 (hypoxia group). The expression of RASSF1A protein was tested by Western blot, and the growth inhibition rate was confirmed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Comparisons of expression of RASSF1A protein and growth inhibition rate of each group were performed. Results①Results of qRT-PCR, immunocytochemistry and Western blot showed that, SGC7901 cells showed higher expression of CEA mRNA and positive expression of RASSF1A protein than corresponding index of MKN28 cells and MCF-10A cells (P < 0.05), which were assigned as experimental cells; but MKN28 cells showed lower expression of CEA mRNA and negative expression of RASSF1A protein, which were assigned as negative control cells.②In SGC7901 and MKN28 cells transfected recombinant vectors of pGL4.20-5HRECEAp-Luc, compared with normoxia group in the same kind of cell group, the folds of activation in hypoxia group were higher (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between the normoxia group and hypoxia group in MCF-10A cells (P > 0.05). In the condition of with or without CoCl2, compared with SGC7901 cells in the same condition, the folds of activation in MCF-10A and MKN28 cells were both lower (P < 0.05); compared with MKN28 cells, the fold of activation in MCF-10A cells was lower (P < 0.05).③Western blot results showed that, in the condition with and without CoCl2, expressions of RASSF1A protein decreased in SGC7901 cells of blank control group and negative control group; weak expressions of RASSF1A protein was observed in SGC7901 cells of infection group when in condition of without CoCl2, but increased when adding CoCl2. But RASSF1A protein didn't expressed in MKN28 cells of blank control group, negative control group, and infection group, whether adding CoCl2 or not. CCK-8 assay result showed that, in SGC7901 cells, the growth inhibition rate of infection group which added CoCl2 was higher than those of other 5 groups (P < 0.05); in MKN28 cells, the growth inhibition rates of infection group and negative group were all higher than those of blank control group, whether adding CoCl2 or not (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference among the infection group and negative group, whether adding CoCl2 or not (P > 0.05). ConclusionsA new hypoxia inducible and cea-positive tumor-targeting transcriptional regulatory element of 5HRE-CEAp is established successfully, and lentivirus vector of pLV-5HRE-CEAp-RASSF1A can significant inhibit the growth of SGC7901 cells under hypoxia condition.