ObjectiveTo understand the adaptation condition of undergraduate nursing students at the early stage of enrollment so as to provide reference frame for the development of college students' adaptability and mental health education. MethodTotally 75 full-time baccalaureate nursing students were recruited from a comprehensive university by convenience sampling method In November 2014. Adaptation condition was investigated with China College Student Adjustment Scale (CCSAS). Statistical analysis methods were applied to analysis differences of the adaptability of college and its various dimensions scores in general data statistics. ResultsThe average score of adaptation ability was (206.88±31.02) points. There were significant differences in the level of getting along with their parents and confidence in nursing speciality (P<0.05) , while no significant differences were found among students in gender, nationality, only China one students, students' regions and reasons of choosing nursing speciality （P>0.05) . ConclusionsThe current adaptation situation of nursing undergraduates freshmen should be improved. It is necessary to carry out a series of targeted activities for the entrance education of college students to promote the adaptability of university life.
The curriculum for nursing undergraduates in Denmark emphasizes experiments, research and development of professional promotion and need connected with the existing professions and health services. The courses are to promote the dynamic interaction and development between theories and practices of professions, academic research and creative ability. This paper introduces the curriculum for undergraduate nursing students in VIA University College from five aspects, including objective, design, context, implementation and assessment, and analyzes its characteristics such as career-oriented courses configuration, progressive curriculum concept, interdisciplinary education courses, multiple assessment methods, and international optional courses. Based on our national undergraduate nursing program, we may take advantage of the advanced experiences of Denmark undergraduate nursing curriculum configuration in order to establish a system of undergraduate nursing curriculum most suitable in our country, encouraging choosing courses beyond disciplines, widening students' horizon of knowledge, improving the course assessment standard and promoting the teaching quality of nursing schools.
ObjectiveTo summarize the clinical features of cytomegalovirus infection after severe pneumonia in immunocompetent subjects. MethodsTwo cases of cytomegalovirus infection after severe pneumonia in immunocompetent subjects were reported and the literatures were reviewed. ResultsTwo elderly patients were admitted to our Respiratory Intensive Care Unit for severe pneumonia and typeⅠrespiratory failure. After treatment of invasive mechanical ventilation, broad-spectrum antibiotics and steroids, their body temperature became normal with improvement of oxygenation and lung infiltrates on chest radiograph. After extubation, their oxygenation deteriorated, with extensive lung infiltrates on chest X ray. Coincidently, their blood cytomegalovirus DNA became positive and then they were treated with parenteral ganciclovir for more than 2 weeks. After that, their oxygenation and chest radiograph returned to normal. Combined with the results of the related literature, invasive mechanical ventilation and use of corticosteroids could be the risk factors of immunocompetent subjects to develop cytomegalovirus infection after severe pneumonia. The clinical characteristics include deterioration of oxygenation and extensive lung infiltrates without positive pathogenic findings of bacteria and fungi. Quantitive nucleic acid amplification tests for blood cytomegalovirus DNA, cytomegalovirus pp65 antigenemia test and histology/immunohistochemistry are recommended diagnostic tools. Valganciclovir or intravenous ganciclovir are recommended as first-line treatment for at least 2 weeks. ConclusionsCytomegalovirus infection occurs frequently in immunocompe-tent subjects with critical illness. Cytomegalovirus pneumonia should especially be considered in patients with severe pneumonia, receiving mechanical ventilation and steroids. Early diagnosis and treatment may help improve the prognosis of these patients.
ObjectiveTo investigate the implication of serum CA19-9 in patients with pulmonary interstitial fibrosis (PF). MethodsOne PF patient was followed up for 5 years, and the levels of serum CA19-9, arterial oxygen pressure and changes of chest CT scanning were recorded and analyzed.Furthermore, another 24 PF patients with the level of serum CA19-9 exceeding the cut-off value (37 U/mL) and 30 healthy controls were recruited, and the pulmonary function was compared between the PF patients and the healthy controls. ResultsDuring the 5-year follow-up, the serum CA19-9 increased gradually from 53.45 U/mL to > 1200 U/mL with progressive reticulation of the lungs proven by the chest CT scanning, and the arterial oxygen pressure in rest without oxygen inhalation decreased from 54 mm Hg to 32 mm Hg.Compared to the healthy controls, the PF patients had significantly higher serum CA19-9 levels [73.8(38.1-1200.0) U/mL vs.6.9(2.0-19.1) U/mL, P < 0.01] and worse diffusion function [55.0(12.7-87.8) mL·min-1·mm Hg-1 vs. 90.4(82.0-134.0) mL·min-1·mm Hg-1, P < 0.05].There was a significantly negative relationship between the elevation of CA19-9 and diffusion function (r=-0.997, P < 0.01). ConclusionSerum CA19-9 may increase in PF patients, which may be an indicator for poor prognosis.