Objective To assess the efficacy of a kind of new material lipid magnetic particle for isolation and detection of lung cancer circulating tumor cells (CTCs). Methods Immune lipid magnetic particles were prepared with reverse evaporation method and they were assembled into kits with EpCAM and EGFR antibody respectively. Their efficacy were evaluated by detecting A549 cells in group A (A549 cells mixed in phosphated buffer solution) and group B (A549 cells mixed in blood from healthy volunteers). Lung cancer CTCs of hospitalized patients were also detected with both immune magnetic particals. Then the detecting efficacy was compared between EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles and the conventional CellsearchTM system. Results The immune lipid magnetic particles had high capture efficiency for CTCs isolation and identification. The median of EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles method in detecting A549 cells in group A was 92%, and EGFR was 90%. The median of EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles method in detecting A549 cells in group B was 85%, and EGFR was 81%. In 13 patients with lung cancer, CTCs can be detected with both immune lipid magnetic particles methods and both medians were 5; In negative control, the medians of both methods were 0 (P＜0.05). EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles method can detect more CTCs than conventional CellsearchTM system in 3 lung cancer patients. Conclusions Immune lipid magnetic particles have good efficacy for lung cancer CTCs detection and has promising clinical application value. The EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles have equal efficiency in detecting lung cancer CTCs with EGFR. There is a trend that EpCAM immune lipid magnetic particles is superior to the conventional CellsearchTM system.
Objective To summary the advance of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer. Methods Through reviewing the related studies, a series of clinical studies on advance of circulating tumor cells in breast cancer were reviewed. Results For early breast cancer patients, the detection of circulating tumor cells could find patients at high risk of recurrence and metastasis. For metastatic breast cancer patients, it could assess the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy and predict the prognosis. To explore the molecular characteristics of circulating tumor cells could help to understand tumor transfer mechanism and seek new therapeutic targets. Conclusion Circulating tumor cells play an important role in the treatment of breast cancer, but many multi-center prospective studies are needed to ensure whether circulating tumor cells can be used in clinical practice.
ObjectiveTo study the relationship between mesenchymal transition epithelial (EMT) and the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer, and to seek to block the EMT process so as to achieve the purpose of treating tumor. MethodsThe literatures of EMT, signal pathway, and gastric cancer were analyzed by querying the PubMed. ResultsThe function and regulation mechanism of EMT is closely related to the development of gastric cancer, in the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer, tumor invasion and metastasis through a variety of signaling pathways play a role, with a great clinical application prospects. ConclusionsEMT and tumor metastasis is very close, almost involved in every process of metastasis. It is necessary to further study the relationship between EMT and cancer, including gastric carcinoma metastasis. A new way for the treatment of human gastric cancer.
ObjectiveTo observe the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer, and to investigate the relationship between the CTCs and clinicalpathological features of gastric cancer. MethodsSixty cases of gastric cancer from September 2011 to September 2013 of our hospital were as the research object, and compared with 40 cases of benign gastric disease over the same period. These patients' venous blood were collected, the CTCs counts were determined by using the CellTracks AutoPrep fluorescence scaning system, and the relationship between CTCs and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer was analyzed. ResultsThe detection rate of CTCs in gastric cancer patients was 70.0% (42/60), in control group was 7.5% (3/40). The positive rate of CTCs in peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer was significantly higher than that of benign gastric disease (P<0.05). The positive rate of CTCs in peripheral blood were no correlated with gender, age, N staging, distant metastasis, tumor size, and vascular invasion (P>0.05), but were correlated with the TNM staging of tumor and degree of differentiation (P<0.05). The cumulative survival rates of 12 months and 18 months after operation in CTCs negtive patients with gastric cancer were higher than that CTCs positive patients (P<0.05). ConclusionsThe detection of CTCs is easy to manage and repeatable. The positive rate of CTCs in gastric patients is higher, which can reflect the progression of tumor and serve as the prognostic index in gastric cance patients.
ObjectiveTo summary the detection methods of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in pancreatic cancer patients and its clinical application. MethodsRelated domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed. ResultsPancreatic cancer is one of the common malignant tumors in the world. The early diagnosis rate is low, the incidence of local invasion and metastasis is high, and the prognosis is very poor. The CTCs is one of the important causes of postoperative recurrence and metastasis, its detection methods based on immunocytochemistry (ICC) and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ConclusionsDetection of CTCs, regarding as a "real-time liquid biopsy", it has a high application value in the early diagnosis, treatment, prognosis and effect evaluation of pancreatic cancer, and it has become research frontier and focus.
Objective To explore the diagnostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTC) measured by magnetic nanoparticle method in lung cancer. Methods (1) We measured binding capability of A549 or NCI-H1965 cell lines with recognition peptide and capture efficiency by adding tumor cells into the whole blood of healthy human. (2) We measured CTC of 34 patients suspected with lung cancer, and the counting results of CTC were compared with the following pathological results. Results (1) The binding capability was 80.0%±6.0% for A549 and 70.1%±4.8% for H1957, while the capture efficiency was 57.3%±7.0% for A549 and 37.3%±6.1% for H1975. (2) CTCs were identified in 71.9% of patients with lung cancer. The specificity was 83.3%, and area under receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.792 (P=0.003). Conclusion CTC measured by magnetic nanoparticle method has promising application in the diagnosis of lung cancer.
Lung cancer is the most frequent cancer and the leading cause of cancer death all around the world. Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapies have significantly improved the outcomes of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in recent years. However, the objective response rate in non-screened patients is only about 20%. It is very important to screen out the potential patients suitable for immunotherapy. Immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissue biopsies with PD-L1 antibodies can predict the therapeutic response to immunotherapy to some extent, but it still has some limitations. Recently some clinical studies have shown that PD-L1 expression in circulating tumor cells (CTC-PD-L1) is a potential independent biomarker and may provide important information for immunotherapy in NSCLC. This article will review technology for CTC-PD-L1 detection and the predictive value of CTC-PD-L1 for immunotherapy in NSCLC and review the latest clinical research progress.