ObjectiveTo investigate the synergistic effect of cold stress plus particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) co-exposure on the occurrence of respiratory inflammation and the possible post-transcriptional regulation mechanism of cold inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP).MethodsIn vivo and in vitro experiments were carried out, and the lung tissue specimens from human surgical resection were observed. The rat model and cultured airway epithelial cells 16HBE were respectively divided into four groups (n=8), namely blank control group, 5 °C/18 °C group, PM2.5 group and 5 °C/18 °C+PM2.5 group. The expression of mRNA and protein of representative inflammatory cytokines and CIRP of cultured airway epithelial cells and rat bronchial/pulmonary tissues were respectively detected by ELISA, qPCR, and Western blot. Furthermore, the temporal dynamics of CIRP distribution were observed by cellular immunofluorescence. Finally, immunohistochemical method was used to observe the localization and expression of CIRP in rat and human bronchial/pulmonary tissues at the same time.ResultsIn vivo experiments, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CIRP, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α in 5 °C group and PM2.5 group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), while the expression level of mRNA and protein in 5 °C+PM2.5 group were increased most obviously (all P<0.01). The same rule also appeared in the experimental results of each group in the vitro experiment. In addition, CIRP was mainly located in the cell nucleus; compared with the control group, the intracellular shift of CIRP appeared in 18 °C group and PM2.5 group, while the migration phenomenon was most obvious in the 18 °C+PM2.5 group. In the immunohistochemistry of rat bronchus/pulmonary tissue, the expressions of CIRP in the 5 °C group and in the PM2.5 group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the CIRP expression in 5 °C+PM2.5 group was increased most evidently. Moreover, CIRP was expressed in the bronchial epithelial mucosa of normal people and patients with chronic obstructive respiratory disease (COPD), and it is mainly located in the nucleus of airway mucosal epithelial cells. The CIRP expression of COPD patients was significantly higher than that in the normal population.ConclusionCold stress has a sensitizing effect on airway epithelial inflammatory response induced by PM2.5, and post-transcriptional regulation of CIRP translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm may be an important mechanism.
Objective To investigate the risk factors of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) following C-Ⅱ donation after cardiac death (DCD) liver transplantation. Methods The data of 46 donors and recipients of C-ⅡDCD liver transplantation between March 2012 and August 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The baseline data such as democracy, death cause, donor warm ischemic time (DWIT) and cold ischemic time (CIT) in EAD group and the non-EAD group (control group) was compared, and whether these factors were risk factors of EAD was investigated by univariate and multivariate analyses. Statistical cut-off values for significant factors of the unfavorable analysis were defined by receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The 6-month and 1-year graft survival rate were compared. Results The EAD group had a longer DWIT compared with the group [(17.6±4.7) and (12.7±6.2) minutes, P=0.009]; meanwhile, the EAD group had a longer CIT compared with the control group [(13.7±4.7) and (11.0±3.5) hours, P=0.020]. The other factors in both groups showed no statistical significance (P>0.05). The ROC curve revealed the cut-off values of DWIT and CIT were 17.50 minutes [area under the curve (AUC)=0.713, P=0.020] and 9.85 hours (AUC=0.723, P=0.015), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed the DWIT [odds ratios (OR)=1.340, 95% confidence interval (CI)(1.042, 1.654), P=0.008] and CIT [OR=1.396, 95% CI (1.075, 1.698), P=0.015] were all independent risk factors of EAD. The 6-month and 1-year graft survival rate of the EAD group and the control group was 85.7% vs. 92.3% (P=0.607) and 71.4% vs. 84.6% (P=0.587), respectively. Conclusions EAD may occured in C-Ⅱ donors with DWIT≥17.50 minutes or CIT≥9.85 hours in DCD liver transplantation. The livers can be used as a resource for clinical use and also have a good outcome.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the injury of calcium on the liver. Methods By using collagenase-containing solution to perfuse the rat livers, the rat liver suspension with different viability was prepared, preserved hypothermically, and the cytosolic calcium comcentration was detected with Fura2/AM. Results ① The concentration of cytosolic calcium after 2-hour storage: Experiment group 1(viability 5%) (1055.0±30.79) nmol/L, experiment group 2(viability 10%) (853.0±20.42) nmol/L, experiment group 3(viability 30%) (616.0±13.20) nmol/L, experiment group 4(viability 50%) (562.0 ±26.06) nmol/L, experiment group 5(viability 70%-80%) (318.0±13.01) nmol/L, experiment group 6(viability 90%) (114.6±6.11) nmol/L. ②The concentration of cytosolic calcium after 24hour storage: Experiment group A(viability 10%) (1704.0±70.11) nmol/L, experiment group B(viability 50%) (1125.0±23.22) nmol/L. The results showed that the lower was the viability, the higher was the cytosolic calcium concentration.With the same viability the cytosolic calcium concentration elevated more than two times higher than the original concentration with the time lengthened. Conclusion Calcium overload is one of the main factors which attribute to the ischemiareperfusion injury of the hepatocytes.
ObjectiveTo analyze the expression of cold-induced RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) in lung adenocarcinoma and its clinical significance based on bioinformatics, in order to provide a new direction for the study of therapeutic targets for lung adenocarcinoma.MethodsThe CIRBP gene expression data and patient clinical information data in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and adjacent tissues were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus databases. The expression of CIRBP in lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. Furthermore, its relationship with clinicopathological features and prognosis in patients with lung adenocarcinoma was analyzed. GO and KEGG enrichment analysis were carried out for the screened genes. The CIRBP protein interaction network was constructed by STRING, and the correlation analysis was carried out using the GEPIA online website.ResultsThe expression level of CIRBP gene in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in adjacent tissues (P<0.01), and its expression level was correlated with T stage and N stage in clinicopathological features. The prognosis of patients with high CIRBP expression in lung adenocarcinoma was significantly better than that with low CIRBP expression. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that CIRBP was an independent prognostic factor in patients with lung adenocarcinoma. GO functional annotation showed its enrichment in organelle fission, nuclear fission, chromosome separation, and DNA replication, etc. KEGG analysis showed that it was mainly involved in cell cycle and DNA replication. Protein interaction network and GEPIA online analysis showed that the expression level of CIRBP was negatively correlated with the expression level of cyclin B2.ConclusionCIRBP gene is down-regulated in lung adenocarcinoma tissues, and its expression level is closely related to patient prognosis. CIRBP gene may be a potential therapeutic target and prognostic marker for lung adenocarcinoma.
ObjectiveTo investigate the recognition of cold in pharmacy college students. MethodsInvestigation on the recognition of cold, treatment and anti-cold drugs were carried out by questionnaires among 158 pharmacy college students from March to July, 2013. ResultsThe annual cold frequency was mainly between once and twice in these students. The cold therapy cost in a year was between 10 and 50 Yuan, and the treatment cycle of cold was mainly between 3 and 7 days. The students were familiar with the inducement and symptoms of cold, but they didn't get adequate message of non-chemoprophylaxis methods on cold. The students knew anti-cold drugs mainly by pharmacist in drugstores, doctors and advertisements. Traditional Chinese Medicine decoction and Chinese and Western medicine mixture were their favorite drug types, and capsule, tablet and oral solution were their favorite dosage forms. ConclusionIt is necessary to strengthen college students' ability to recognize and treat cold correctly by comprehensive measures.
Objective\ In order to assess and evaluate the clinical results of cold blood cardioplegia and intermittent cross clamping as myocardial preservation in coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG).\ Methods\ According to the management methods, 2 013 cases for elective, isolated CABG were divided into two groups at St.George’s Hospital, London.Cold blood cardioplegia group: 596 patients treated with cold blood cardioplegia, and hypothermic ventricular fibrillation group: 1 417 patients treated with intermitt...
Objective To evaluate the effects of cold provoca tion on optic dise blood flow and retinal light sensitivity of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients,and explore the relationship between the changes of optic disc blood flow and retin al light sensitivity. Methods A total 33 POAG patients (33 eyes)and 13 normal controls (13 eyes) were tested by usin g th e Heidelberg retinal flowmetry (HRF) and Topcon automatic perimeter,and the optic disc blood flow and retinal light sensitivity of POAG patients and normal cont rols were measured at normal conditions and after cold provocation. Results The mean optic disc blood flow,volume and the mean retinal light sensitivity of POAG patients decreased significantly (Plt;0.05) after cold provocation.There was a linear and significant relationsh ip between the decrease of mean optic disc blood flow and mean retinal light sen sitivity of POAG patients (r=0.615,P＜0.001). The optic disc blood flow of POAG patients with a history of migraine were more likely to r educe in response to cold provocation and reduced much more than those without such history (Plt;0.05). Conclusion Cold provocation can significantly reduce both the optic disc blood flow and retinal light sensitivity in POAG patients.A close correlation was fo und between the amount of mean optic disc blood flow decrease and the volume of mean retinal light sensitivity decline. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:37-40)
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the effects and mechanism of Panax Notoginseng saponins (PNGS) on rat liver during cold preservation. Methods Using isolated perfusion of rat liver model (IPRL), Fura-2 method was used to measur the concentration of calcium ion in hepatic cells which had been preserved in DMEM solution with different concentration of PNGS added and cold preserved for 2 hours. Liver function, metabolic products of oxygen free radicals, energy substance and aucount of biliary flow as well as morphological study were measured from liver tissue which had been cold preserved in lactate riuges’s solution containing different dosages of PNGS for 24 hours and 30 minutes reperfusion.ResultsThe contents of intracellur calcium of the rat hepatocytes,MDA, AST, ALT, LDH were lower than those in the control group,but SOD, ATP, TAN, EC and bile production were higher than those in the control group(P＜0.01).During 200-600 mg,the protective effects of the PNGS were correlated with the dosage and manifest dosagedependence(Plt;0.01),800-1000 mg were not significant(Pgt;0.05). ConclusionPNGS relieve the injury of the rat liver during cold preservation. The mechanism might through inhibition calcium overload, improve the energy metabolism, play a role against free radical injury realize.
Objective To review the mechanism of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) in the treatment of chronic skin ulcer, providing a new idea for ulcer therapy. Methods The literature about CAP in the treatment of chronic skin ulcers in recent years was extensively screened and reviewed. The treatment principle, active ingredients, and mechanism were summarized. Results CAP is partial ionized gas discharged by plasma generator in high frequency under high voltage. It contains electrons, positive and negative ions, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and ultraviolet rays. In vitro and animal experiments show that the active ingredients contained in CAP can inactive microorganisms, against biofilm, regulate immune-mediated inflammatory, promoting blood flow, stimulate tissue regeneration and epithelial formation in the course of wounds healing. Conclusion CAP play a role in different stages of chronic skin ulcer healing, with good effectiveness and safety, and broad clinical application prospects. But more studies are needed to explore the indications and dosages of CAP therapy.
Objective To compare the outcome of patients with the strategy of conventional and steady cooling ＆ rewarming and cold reperfusion , who suffered from DeBakey type Ⅰ aortic dissection or aortic arch aneurysm and underwent the total aortic arch replacement. Methods Thirty-two patients who underwent total arch replacement were randomly allocated to one of two strategies of temperature management in cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB）, conventional group （group C, 16 cases） and steady cooling ＆. rewarming and cold reperfusion group （group S, 16 cases）. The jugular bulb venous oxygenation saturation （SjvO2）, jugular bulb venous oxygen tension （PivO2） and jugular bulb venous blood temperature （JVBT） were tested or monitored during the operation. Preoperative and postoperative neurological examinations and brain computerized tomography scan were performed. Results All patients survived the operations and were discharged from hospital. No new brain infarction occurred. Transient neurologic dysfunction occurred in 2 patients of the group S and 3 patients of the groupC. The “cooling ＆ rewarming blanket-impress puple” occurred in 4 cases of the group C. The SjvO2, PjvO2, lowest nasopharyngeal temperature and the post operative nasopharyngeal temperature of the patients in group S were significantly higher than those of the patients in group C （SjvO2 0.85±0. 11 vs. 0. 74±0.23, PjvO2 36. 9± 15.6mmHg vs. 24.5±7.7mmHg, P（ 0.01 ）. While the highest brain temperature, wake time and ICU stay in group S were remarkably lower than those in group C （P 〈0. 01,0. 05）. Conclusion With less postbypass afterdrop and satisfactory clinical outcome, the strategy of steady cooling ＆ rewarming and cold reperfusion can effectively avoid brain hyperthermia and mismatch of cerebral blood flow metabolism in the surgery of total aortic arch replacement.