ObjectiveTo summarize the procedures of the shoulder arthroplasty and the evolution of the shoulder prosthesis, and to discuss the indications and contraindications of the several common shoulder arthroplastis. MethodsThe related literature on shoulder arthroplasty was extensively reviewed, summarized, and analyzed. ResultsAt present, shoulder arthroplasties can be classified into shoulder hemiarthroplasty, total shoulder arthroplasty, resurfacing shoulder arthroplasty, stemless shoulder arthroplasty, and reserve shoulder arthroplasty, etc. Each type of the prosthesis has several special indications and contraindications. Mostly, the shoulder arthroplasties achieved the satisfied results, such as pain-relief and restoration of the elevation and adduction of shoulder. The survival rate of the most shoulder prostheses may reach 10 years or more. ConclusionMost shoulder arthroplasties are effective and satisfied to treat the shoulder traumas and diseases in pain-free and functional restoration of shoulders.
ObjectiveTo investigate the development and clinical application of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty. MethodsThe relative publications on reverse total shoulder arthroplasties were extensively reviewed and analyzed. ResultsReverse total shoulder arthroplasty has extensive indications, especially for pseudoparalysis caused by irrepairable rotator cuff tears with forward or upper shift of the humeral head and intact function of deltoid. The clinical research results indicate that the short-term results are satisfactory, but there are some special complications, such as scapular nothching, instability and limities of internal and external rotation. While performing this kind of operation, the selection of the approach, the determination of the prosthetic rotation center should be considered well, and the bone graft should be paid attention to when the bony defect of the glenoid and proximal humerus exists. ConclusionThe using time of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty is short, so the long-term results should be observed. The development of computer assisted technique is hopeful to be improve the results of the reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.