Eye and nervous system are anatomically and physiologically very close. About 40% of the nerve fibers in brain are correlated with visual function. Seven of twelve cranial nerves are straightly correlated with visual afferent or eye movement. Neurological diseases can affect eye in many different ways. Furthermore, systemic disorders can cause secondary neurological lesions or even primary neurological disorders, which sequentially show ocular symptoms a nd signs. Better understanding of the close relationship between eye and brain, together with intimate cooperation between ophthalmologists, neurologists, neuro surgeons and other specialties, are the key point to improve our neuro-ophthalm ology service in China. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2008,24:82-85)