Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of glutamine to the aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rat injured by acetic acid. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were averagely divided into three groups: control group, acetic acid group and glutamine group. The colon of the rat was infused with 1% acetic acid. Started to gavage with glutamate two days after modeling glutamine group. The injured colons were studied after fourteen days with light and scanning electronic microscope. Paraffin sections of specimens were prepared and stained with HE. The colon crypts were isolated by HCl digestion method. The expressions of CD44 and ICAM-1 in the epithelial cell of the large intestine mucosa were detected by immunohistochemistry method. Results On the days of 14， the number of ACF in the glutamine group were remarkably decreased as compared with that of the acetic acid group and a branch-like. The expressions of ICAM-1 and CD44 (every 1 000 cells) were 302.1±30.1 and 298.6±28.3 in glutamine group, 223.6±23.5 and 221.5±28.6 in control group, 198.5±19.5 and 215.3±17.8 in acetic acid group, respectively. While the expressions of CD44 and ICAM-1 in intestine were increased remarkably in the glutamine group compared with the control group and acetic acid group (P＜0.05). Conclusion Glutamine could decrease the formation of the ACF injured by acetic acid. Increasing the expressions of CD44 and ICAM-1 may be one of the important factors to decrease the ACF.
ObjectiveTo introduce a self-designed adjustable operation frame and explore the feasibility and safety in the treatment of severe kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis with posterior osteotomy.MethodsBetween March 2016 and May 2018, 7 cases of severe kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis were treated with posterior osteotomy using self-designed adjustable operation frame with prone position. There were 5 males and 2 females with an average age of 49.4 years (range, 40-55 years). The disease duration was 10-21 years (mean, 16.7 years). The apical vertebrae of kyphosis were located at T11 in 2 cases, T12 in 1 case, L1 in 1 case, and L2 in 3 cases. Among the 7 cases, 2 were classified as typeⅠ, 4 as type ⅡB, and 1 as type ⅢA according to 301 classification system. There was no neurological deficit of all cases; but 1 case suffered bilateral hip joints ankylosed in non-functional position. The parameters of chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA), global kyphosis (GK), thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK), lumbar lordosis (LL), sagittal vertical axis (SVA) were measured; and the operation time, the intraoperative blood loss, and the complications were also collected and analyzed.ResultsAll operations completed successfully. The operation time was 310-545 minutes (mean, 409.7 minutes) and the intraoperative blood loss was 1 500-2 500 mL (mean, 1 642.9 mL). There were 2 cases treated with one-level osteotomy of sagittal translation, 1 case of radiculopathy symptom of L3, and 3 cases of tension of abdominal skin. All patients were followed up 20-35 months (mean, 27.9 months). There were significant differences in CBVA, GK, TLK, LL, and SVA between pre- and post-operation (P<0.05); but no significant difference between 1 week after operation and last follow-up (P>0.05). All the osteotomies and bone grafts fused well and no complications of loosening and breakage of internal fixator occurred during the follow-up.ConclusionIn the posterior osteotomy for correction of severe kyphosis secondary to ankylosing spondylitis, the self-designed adjustable operation frame is convenient for the patient to be placed in prone position. It is safe, feasible, and effective to perform osteotomy correction with the aid of the self-designed adjustable operation frame.