After the Wenchuan Earthquake on May 12th, 2008, under the b leadership of the SichuanProvincial Party Committee, the People’s Government of Sichuan Province, and the Ministry of Health of the People’sRepublic of China, the Medical Security Team working at the Sichuan Provincial Headquarters for Wenchuan Earthquakeand Disaster Relief Work constructed a secure medical material distribution system through coordination and interactionamong and between regions, systems, and departments.
Objective To study the distribution of P2 Y2 receptor in spine cord, dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve in rat, and to provide the basis for clarifying the mechanism of the effect of adenosine triphosphate(ATP) on the peripheral nerve regeneration. Methods Six specimens of the spine cord, dorsal root ganglia and sciatic nerve from SD rats were fixed rapidly in 4% paraformaldehyde which included DEPC, imbedded by paraffin and made into ultrathin section. According to the sequence of P2 Y2 receptor’s gene, DNA needle was adopted to detect the distribution of P2 Y2 receptor by hybridization technique in section under the light microscope after theyhad been stained in NBT liquid（50 mg/ml） and BCIP liquid （75 mg/ml）. In thecontrol group, the ultrathin section was only covered with hybridism buffer solution. The result of staining was observed. ResultsHybridization in section showed that P2 Y2 receptor was distributed mainly in the anterior horn cell of spine cordgray matter and Schwann cell of the dorsal root ganglia. No P2 Y2 receptor was observed in the sciatic nerve of both groups. Conclusion P2 Y2 receptor is located mainly in the spine cord and the dorsal root ganglia. Extracellular ATP can affect the cell of spine cord, dorsal root ganglia through P2 Y2 receptor.
In 10 adult specimens, we observed the distribution of the temporal branches of the facial nerve and its relation with the superficial temporal artery. The 6.3±0.9 temporal branches (5-8 branches, mean 6.3+0.9) went across the lateral margin of the M. frontalis and 10.3±2.2 branches entered the muscle. Their in-let, points were 2.86±5.35 mm upwardand outward of the outer canthus, and all points were about in one line. In conclusion, it was safe for surgeons, to operate in the "safe area" of the temporal region, medial to thevertical line to the outer canthus, without the risk to damage the branches of the facial nervc .
During the medical rescue of Wenchuan earthquake, in accordance with the instruction of the Chinese Ministry of Health, West China Hospital set up the Medical Supply Center for Medical Teams from Other Provinces, put up standard storehouses within 10 hours, performed professional purchase, precisely distributed medical materials according to relevant demands, and decided the scientific route based on the distribution of medical teams from other provinces, so as to ensure the medical materials’ being delivered to the medical teams safely, promptly and accurately.
Objective To investigate the detection of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDRO) by targeted monitoring in a tertiary hospital, and to understand the distribution of MDRO. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the detection and distribution of methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureus (MRSA), carbon black alkeneAcinetobacter baumannii (CRABA), carbapenem-resistantPseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPAE), vancomycin-resistantEnterococci (VRE) and carbapenem-resistantEnterobacter (CRE) in clinical samples collected from 2013 to 2015. Results A total of 990 multidrug-resistant bacteria strains were isolated from 2013 to 2015, of which 445 were MRSA (44.95%), 328 were CRABA (33.13%), 99 were CRPAE (10.00%), 12 were VRE (1.21%), and 106 were CRE (10.71%). They were mainly distributed in the Department of Burn, Comprehensive ICU, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery. The detection rates of multidrug-resistant organisms of 2013-2015 were 10.85% (352/3 244), 9.20% (304/3 303), and 7.11% (334/4 699) respectively, which reduced year by year with significant difference (χ2= 34.42,P< 0.001). The detection rates of CRPAE, CRE and VRE all reduced with significant differences (P< 0.05). Conclusions The detection rate of multidrug-resistant organisms under targeted monitoring shows an obvious downward trend. MRSA and CRABA are still the major MDROs, which show no obvious change. The detection rates of CRPAE, VRE and CRE show obvious downward trend. Department of Burn, Comprehensive ICU, Department of Neurosurgery, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Department of Orthopedic Surgery have the highest risks of MDRO. In the future, we should strengthen the monitoring of high-risk departments, and focus on the reasonable choice of special antimicrobial agents to avoid special MDROs.
ObjectiveThe purpose of the research is to study the distribution and early warning of electroencephalogram (EEG) in acute mountain sickness (AMS). MethodsA total of 280 healthy young men were recruited from September 2016 to October 2016. The basic data were collected by the centralized flow method, the general situation of the division of the investigators after the training, the Lewis Lake score, the computer self-rating anxiety scale and depression scale, and the collection of EEG. Follow up in three months. Results94 of the patients with AMS, morbidity is 33%, 21 (22.34%) of the patients are moderate to severe, 73 (77.66%) are mild, morbidity is 26.67%. The abnormal detection rate of electrogram was 7.9% (22/280), which were mild EEG, normal EEG abnormal rate was 8.6% (16/186), abnormal detection rate of mild AMS was 4.1% (3/73), and the abnormal detection rate was 14.3% (3/21) in the medium / heavy AMS. The latter was significantly different from the previous (P < 0.05). Three months follow-up of this group of patients with 0 case of high altitude disease. Conclusions The EEG in AMS is mainly a rhythm irregular, unstable, poor amplitude modulation; or two hemisphere volatility difference of more than 50% or slightly increased activity. The result is statistically significant, suggesting that EEG distributions has possible early warning of AMS.
ObjectiveTo explore the spectrum and frequency of respiratory symptoms in outpatients clinics.MethodsPatients were enrolled from outpatient clinic of Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease. Information about respiratory symptoms especially cough was obtained from the survey questionnaire from July 2013 to August 2013 .ResultsA total of 900 were eligible out of 939 questionnaires. The mean age of the patients was (48.9±18.3) years, 453 (50.3%) were males, 447 (49.7%) were females. The cases of cough, wheeze, polypnea, chest distress, pharyngalgia, catarrh, chest pain, throat itching, fever, hemoptysis and other symptom was 687 (76.3%), 310 (34.4%), 307 (34.1%), 173 (19.2%), 107 (11.9%), 101 (11.2%), 82 (9.1%), 59 (6.6%), 36 (4.0%), 10 (1.1%) and 129 (14.3%) out of the patients, respectively. In patients with cough, 69.5% of them considered cough as their predominant symptom, and 22.1% of them reported that cough was the only symptom. 56.3% of cases were chronic cough, while acute and subacute cough accounted for 29.7% and 14.0%, separately. The proportion of female in acute cough was significantly higher than that of males (60.3%vs. 39.7%, P<0.01).ConclusionsCough, especially the chronic cough is the most common reason for patients who seeking health care in outpatient clinic of respirologist. There are more females suffered from acute cough than males.
ObjectiveTo compare the clinical characteristics of patients with nosocomial and community infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-containing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) and non-ESBL-KP so as to improve clinical diagnosis and treatment outcomes.MethodsThis retrospective study determined the clinical features of patients with nosocomial and community infections with KP who were admitted to our hospital from January 1st, 2017 to June 30th, 2018. The chi-square test or Fisher's exact probability method were used to compare different groups.ResultsWe identified 334 strains of KP, and 83 (24.9%) of them strains were EBSL-KP. The percentages of ESBL-KP infections among those with nosocomial and community infections were similar (31.25% vs. 22.27%, χ2=2.955, P=0.086). Significantly more females than males had ESBL-KP infections (32.32 vs. 21.70%, χ2=4.208, P=0.040). The percentages of ESBL-KP infections were similar among <18 years-old group, 18 to 45 years-old group, 45 to 60 years-old group, and ≥60 years-old group. The three major locations of KP infections were the lower respiratory tract, urinary tract, and bloodstream (bacteremia). Among nosocomial KP infections, there were no significant differences in the percentages of ESBL-KP infections at different sites, nor in the hospital departments where patients were treated; among community KP infections, there were significant differences in the percentages of ESBLs-KP infections at different sites, and in the hospital departments where patients were treated. For community KP infections, the two most common infection sites were the urinary tract (37.74%) and the skin and soft tissue (30.77%), and most patients were treated in the urology department (40.00%) and respiratory medicine department (38.10%). ESBL-KP isolates had greater resistance than non-EBSL-KP isolates to 16 tested antibiotics (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the percentages of nosocomial infections and community infections among those with ESBL-KP and among those with non-ESBL-KP (P>0.05).ConclusionsOur population have high rates of nosocomial and community KP infections and of infections with ESBL-KP. It is necessary to strengthen the management and clinical use of antibiotics and to provide real-time surveillance of KP infections, especially for patients with ESBL-KP infections. Increased vigilance is required for KP infections of females and community KP infections to improve control of nosocomial infections and reduce the prevalence of cross-infections.