ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficiency of hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) in disinfecting multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs).MethodsWe searched Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang, China Science and Technology Journal Database for before-after studies or case-control studies or cohort studies evaluating efficiency of HPV and published from January 2010 to December 2020 (the time range was from January 2000 to December 2020 in the snowball searching). RevMan 5.4 and R 4.0.2 softwares were used for meta-analysis.ResultsA total of 9 studies were included, consisting of 8 before-after studies and 1 cohort study. Six studies evaluated positive rate of environmental samplings, meta-analysis revealed that HPV combined with manual cleaning disinfected the environment efficiently [relative risk (RR)=0.03, 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.01, 0.08), P< 0.000 01] and HPV was more efficient than manual cleaning [RR=0.04, 95%CI (0.02, 0.10), P< 0.000 01]. Three studies evaluated the hospital-acquired MDROs colonization/infection rates, and the results of the 3 studies were consistent, revealing that HPV could reduce hospital-acquired MDROs colonization/infection rates.ConclusionHPV is efficient in reducing MDROs contaminated surfaces and hospital-acquired infection rate.