ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility and curative effect of gastric pacing on postsurgical gastroparesis. MethodsThe indexes of gastric dynamic of applying gastric pacing to the experimental animal model of acute postsurgical gastroparesis was compared with that of injecting erythromycin (1 mg/kg).ResultsThe pressure of gastric antrum and the pressure gradient between gastric antrum and duodenum were respectively higher than basic pressure in the two experimental groups (P＜0.01); Except duodenal pressure, the indexs of gastric dynamic of pacing group were higher than that of erythromycin group (P＜0.05). The gastric emptying rate of pacing group 〔(66.37±7.21)%〕 was higher than erythromycin group 〔(49.92±9.27)%， (P＜0.01)〕. ConclusionHigherfrequency gastric pacing can improve the indexes of gastric dynamic and be applied to treat postsurgical gastroparesis, its effect may be better than erythromycin.
Objective To study the effect of nontypeable Hemophilus influenzae(NTHi) strain ATCC49247 on proinflammatory cytokines expression of human A549 lung epithelial cell line. Methods Confluent A549 cells were co-incubated with NTHi, NTHi+Erythromycin(10 mg/L), NTHi+Gentamicin(100 mg/L), and NTHi+Dexamethasone(100 μmol/L),and nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) inhibitor primed cells were co-incubated with NTHi for 24 h. Then levels of interleukin-8（IL-8） and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the supernatant was assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) and the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1) in cells was detected by immunohistochemistry staining. Results A549 cells were transformed and died after co-intubated with NTHi for 24 h. NTHi induced A549 cells to release significantly greater amounts of IL-8, which was inhibited by NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate（PDTC）. Incubating of A549 cells with NTHi significantly induced release of IL-8 and the expression of ICAM-1, which was blocked by erythromycin and dexamethasone and not by gentamicin. TNF-α was not detected in all circumstances. Conclusions NTHi can increase significantly the release and expression of proinflammatory cytokines through NF-κB pathway. Antibacterial drug erythromycin also has anti-inflammatory effect.
Objective To investigate the expression of aquaporin-1( AQP1 ) in visceral and parietal pleura in SD rats and to examine the effect of AQP1 on pleural fluid turnover. Methods Five groups( n = 24 ) of SD rats were randomly assigned to received intrapleural injection of dexamethasone,lipopolysaccharide, erythromycin, hypertonic saline and normal saline, respectively. The AQP1 protein in pleural was detected with immunohistochemistry. The mRNA expression of AQP1 under stimulations at different time points was measured by real time RT-PCR. Results AQP1 was immunolocalized predominantly to the microvessels and mesothelial cells of visceral and parietal pleura. The extent of AQP1expression in parietal pleura was less than that in visceral pleura[ ( 4. 14 ±1. 12) ×104 copy /μg vs ( 7. 43 ±2. 02) ×104 copy / μg, P lt;0. 05] . AQP1 expression increased at all phases in the dexamethasone group andthe hypertonic saline group, whereas decreased in the erythromycin group and the lipopolysaccharide group.Conclusion The stimulations of dexamethasone, lipopolysaccharide, erythromycin and hypertonic saline can significantly change the AQP1 expression in pleura, which indicate that AQP1 may contribute to the accumulation and clearance of pleuritic fluids.
Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of ultrasonic atomization of penicillin combined with erythromycin in children with acute suppurative tonsillitis. Methods From July 2007 to December 2007, 70 children with a confirmed diagnosis of acute suppurative tonsillitis were randomized into two groups. Thirty-one patients in the control group received continuous 5-day treatment of routine intravenous drip of penicillin (200000units/ (kg?d)), twice a day, while 39patients in the trial group received, in addition to the routine treatment, another 5-day treatment of ultrasonic atomization of 0.1 g erythromycin and 10ml saline diluted by 10ml sterile water, 15min for each treatment, twice a day. Observation of the clinical efficacy of the two groups and statistical analyses were conducted. Results The cure rate and total effective rate of the trial group were 61.54% and 97.44%, and those of the control group were 35.48% and 77.42%, respectively. The pyretolysis rates at 48 h and 72 h in the trial group were 75.36% and 89.74%, and those in the control group were 45.16% and 61.29%, respectively. The improvement rates of pharyngodynia at 48 h and 72 h in the trial group were 76.92% and 92.31%, and those in the control group were 48.39% and 70.97%, respectively. The results of both rank sum test and chi-square test revealed significant differences between the trial group and the control groups (Plt;0.05), which indicated that the trial group was superior to the control group in terms of cure rate, total effectiveness rate, pyretolysis rate and improvement of pharyngodynia. During ultrasonic atomization, 3 patients experienced mild nausea and vomiting, all of which disappeared after rest. No other adverse reactions were recorded. Conclusions Ultrasonic atomization of penicillin combined with erythromycin for children with acute suppurative tonsillitis is worthy of clinical application due to its better efficacy and safety profile.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in animal model of benign tracheal stenosis, and explore the mechanism of HDAC2 in development of tracheal stenosis.MethodsEighteen rabbits were randomly divided into a blank control group, a model group, and an erythromycin group, with 6 rats in each group. The model group and the erythromycin group underwent tracheostomy, the inner wall of trachea was brushed back and forth with a nylon brush for more than 20 times to induce benign tracheal stenosis. From 7 days before surgery to 9 days after surgery, the model group received gavage with saline, the erythromycin group received gavage with low-dose erythromycin in dose of 15 mg·kg–1·d–1, and the control group did not receive any treatment. On the 10th day after operation, all the rabbits were sacrificed and the trachea was cut to measure the tracheal stenosis. RNA and protein were extracted from the granulation tissue in the stenosis and the relative mRNA expressions of HDAC2, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in the granulation tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. The relative expression of HDAC2 protein was detected by Western blot.ResultsCompared with the blank control group, the tracheal stenosis in the model group was more obvious [(84.60±1.14)% vs.(27.00±6.44)%], the mRNA and protein expressions of HDAC2 were decreased (0.29±0.07 vs. 1.00±0.00, 0.20±0.02 vs. 0.49±0.04), the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 were up-regulated (4.22±0.67 vs. 1.00±0.00, 162.72±23.23 vs.1.00±0.00). Compared with the model group, tracheal stenosis in the erythromycin group was relieved [(64.00±12.25)% vs. (84.60±1.14)%], the mRNA and protein expressions of HDAC2 were increased (0.42±0.14 vs. 0.29±0.07, 0.43±0.01 vs. 0.20±0.02), the mRNA expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 were decreased (0.72±0.24 vs. 4.22±0.67, 130.22±7.93 vs. 162.72±23.23). All the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). The Pearson correlation coefficient between tracheal stenosis and HDAC2 mRNA relative expression was –0.96 (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe down-regulation of HDAC2 expression in model of benign tracheal stenosis is related to the occurrence and development of tracheal stenosis. The low dose of erythromycin may be used to treat benign tracheal stenosis by up-regulating expression of HDAC2 and thus inhibiting the inflammatory disorder during tracheal injury repair.