ObjectiveTo discuss the causes of esophageal benign diseases and how to prevent, diagnose and treat such diseases. MethodsWe reviewed and analyzed the clinical data of 162 patients with esophageal benign diseases treated in our hospital from March 1994 to July 2011. Causes, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this kind of diseases were analyzed and summarized. ResultsEighty-five patients had definite inducements. All patients were diagnosed through barium swallow radiography, CT, and gastroscopic inspection and underwent operation. A total of 155 patients were cured by positive treatment, but 7 patients died because of severe infection. ConclusionMost patients suffering from esophageal benign diseases have definite inducements. Therefore, many such diseases can be prevented. Once being confirmed, active surgery is the main treatment. Most patients can be cured if treatment is performed in time.