Objective To systematically evaluate the correlation between endometriosis (EM) in Chinese women and Xba I polymorphism in intron-1 of estrogen receptor α (ER-α) gene. Methods Such databases as PubMed, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library (Issue 3, 2012), VIP, CBM, WanFang Data and CNKI were searched to collect case-control studies about the correlation between EM and Xba I polymorphism in intron-1 of ER-α gene. The retrieval time was from 1980 to 2012. Two reviewers independently screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data and assessed the quality, and then the meta-analysis was conducted by using RevMan 5.0 and Stata 12.0 software. Results A total of 7 studies involving 676 EM patients and 688 healthy volunteers were included. The results of meta-analyses showed that Chinese women with X/X genotype had similar risk of EM compared to those with x/x genotype (OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.58 to 1.54, P=0.82) or X/x genotype (OR=0.73, 95%CI 0.44 to 1.20, P=0.22). The allele X also showed similar risk of EM compared to the allele x (OR=1.11, 95%CI 0.93 to 1.33, P=0.25). Conclusion At present, it has not yet been found that the incidence of EM in Chinese women is related to the Xba I polymorphism in intron-1 of ER-α gene as well as the allele X. For the quantity and quality limitation of the included studies, this conclusion has to be proved by more studies.
Objective To study the relationship between the expression of apoptosisrelated gene bclx,bax and estrogen receptor (ER) in primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and its clinical significance. MethodsImmunohistochemistry of labeled dextran polymer (LDP) with EnvisionTM system was used to detect ER and gene bclx and bax. ResultsThe positive rate of bclx,bax and ER were 72.3%,66.0% and 59.6% in 47 cases with primary gallbladder carcinoma and 40.0%,93.3% and 93.3% in 6 cases with gallbladder adenomahyperplastic. The expression of bax and ER in PGC was significantly lower than that in gallbladder adenomahyperplastic (P＜0.05),the expression of bclx was significantly higher in PGC than that in the latter (P＜0.05).The expression of bclx and ER in well differentiated PGC was significantly higher than that in moderately, poorly differentiated PGC (P＜0.05); bax expression in well differentiated PGC was lower. ER and bax expression in male PGC was significantly lower than that in female PGC （P＜0.01）, the expression of bclx in male PGC was higher (P＜0.05).ER was more highly expressed in smaller PGC than in larger one (P＜0.05). ER and bax, bclx were not different between various clinical stages and ages (P＞0.05,respectively). Conclusion The expression ER, apoptosisrelated gene bclx and bax have correlation with differentiation and sex in PGC, their levels shows significance in the prognosis of PGC.
ObjectiveTo review recent studies on the roles of estrogen receptor β in breast cancer. MethodsThe literatures in recent years on the biological function, variant isoforms of estrogen receptor and its possible roles in breast cancer were reviewed. ResultsERβ was a new member of the superfamily of steroid receptors, it might play an important role in breast tumor genesis, tumor progression, prognosis and reaction to the endocrine therapy in breast cancer. ConclusionERβ is a new prognostic marker in breast cancer.
The overexpression of C-erb B-2 oncogene in breast cancer was examined in 245 cases with immunohistochemical techniques.The results showed that:①Significant associations of C-erb B-2 overexpression with high histological grade (Ｐ＜0.05), positive axillary node status (Ｐ＜0.05)， advanced clinical stage (Ｐ＜0.05) and the absence of hormone receptor(Ｐ＜0.05) were identified in breast cancer.②Overexpression of C-erb B-2 oncogene was related with 5-year and 10-year survival rate, and considered as a prognostic factor for breast cancer independent of axillary node status. Detection of C-erb B-2 oncogene overexpression could be arranged as a regular pathological examination in breast cancer.Combined with axillary node and estrogen receptor, progestin receptor status, the results can be used in determining the prognosis and planing the treatment programme in breast cancer.
The level of androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) of carcinoma and pericarcinoma tissue were determined in 30 cases of male hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients operated by streptavidin peroxdase conjugated method, meanwhile used 20 patients with benign liver disease as a contrast group. The results showed that the positive rate of AR in tumor tisse was 80.0%, significantly higher than that in peritumor tissue (46.7%) and liver tissue of benign diseases (40.0%), Ｐ＜0.01, and there was no significantly difference between the latter two groups (Ｐ＞0.05). The positive rate of ER in carcinoma tissue (43.3%) was notably lower than that in pericarcinoma tissue (80.0%), Ｐ＜0.01. Statistically significantly difference wasn’t achieved in contrast with the benign diseases group (50.0%), Ｐ＞0.05. The positive rate of PR had no significantly difference among the three groups (Ｐ＞0.05). The authors suggest that sex hormone is related to initializing and developing of HCC by the action via its receptor, the level of AR and ER can be used as a prognosis determine index of HCC.
Biodistribution of125I-labeled 17α-vinyestradiol-3-acetate (125I-VE2A)in nude mice bearing human breast cancer containing different estrogen receptor (ER) content was studied to understand the relation between this compound and ER and, consequently, to develop the ER imaging. Each mouse was injected with 92.5 kBq tracer from tail vein and then killed after two hours. The radioactivity uptake rate in one gram of tumor tissue and tissues from other vital organs were measured, and the radioactivity uptake ratio of tumor to nontumor tissue was also measured. Results: The radioactivity uptake rate and the radioactivity uptake ratio of tumor to nontumor tissue in ER positive tumor (MCF-7) were much higher than those in ER negative tumor (MDA-MB-231). Conclusions: This compound, IVE2A has affinity to ER positive target organ or tumor and promise the probability to define the content and site of ER in vivo or in tumor.
We determined estrogen receptor (ER), estradiol (E2) and testosterone (T) in the tissue of 50 gastric carcinomas ans 20 benign stomach diseases. The result showed that the positive rate of ER was 32.0% in gastric cancerous tissue, in which the poorly-differentiated type was higher than that of the well-differentiated type (Plt;0.05)，and still higher in BorrmannⅢ、Ⅳ types than in Borrmann Ⅰ、Ⅱ types (Plt;0.01). The determination of Er is significant for the estimation of prognosis ans endocrinal therapy after operation. E2 content showed no obvious difference betweenn gastric carcinoma, benign somach diseases ans normal gastric mucose, but T level and T/E2 ratio in gastric cancer were much higher than those in benign stomach diseases and normal gastric mucosa (Plt;0.05). IT suggested that the imbalance of E2 and T contents may related the occurence of gatric carcinoma. The E2 and T level showed no obvious difference between ER+ and ER- in gastric cancerous tissue.
Objective To explore the clinical significance of estrogen receptor α( ERα) , estrogen receptor β( ERβ) in non-small cell lung cancer( NSCLC) .Methods EnVision method was used to detect the expressions of ERα, ERβ, vascular endothelial growth factor( VEGF) , and microvessel density( MVD) in 54 NSCLC patients, 10 patients with lung benign lesions, and 10 normal controls. The interrelation between ERα, ERβ, VEGF, and MVD was analyzed. Results No obvious expressions of ERα and ERβwere observed in the normal lung tissues and lung benign lesions. The positive expression rates of ERα, ERβ, and VEGF in NSCLC were 20. 4% ( 11/54) , 64. 8% ( 35/54) , and 64. 8% ( 35/54) , respectively. There were no significant differences between ERαin regard to clinical parameters of NSCLC. But the expression of ERβwas dependent on pathological classification and differentiation of NSCLC. The expression of ERβ was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous cell carcinoma( P lt; 0. 05) . The expression rate of ERβin well differentiated group was significantly higher than that in low, moderately differentiated group( P lt;0. 05) . There were significant differences between VEGF in regard to lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The expression of ERαinterrelated with VEGF and MVD with r value of 0. 4 and 0. 685 respectively ( P lt;0. 05) . There was little correlation between ERβ and VEGF, MVD( P gt; 0. 05) . Conclusion Theexpression of ERβ correlates with pathological classification and differentiation of NSCLC, suggesting its significance in evaluating the pathological classification and malignant degree of NSCLC. The expression of ERαcorrelates with VEGF and MVD, suggesting that ERαpossibly promote micro-angiogenesis of NSCLC by VEGF pathway.
Objective To explore the effect of toremifene on estrogen receptor （ER） expression and tumor micro-angiogenesis in rat Lewis lung carcinoma. Methods Cell suspension of rat Lewis lung carcinoma was implanted into 40 female Wistar rats subcutaneously. The rats were randomly divided into a control group，a estradiol group （0.006 mg/mL），a low dose toremifene group （0.25 mg/mL） and a high dose toremifene group （5 mg/mL）. Tumor size was measured every 3 days and the tumor growth curve was charted. On 15th day，the tumor weight and the growth inhibition rate were measured. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expressions of estrogen receptor α （ERα），estrogen receptor β （ERβ），vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF），and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 （PECAM-1）. Integral optical density （IOD） of ERα，ERβ and VEGF was calculated by image analysis software. Quantitative method of Weidner with PECAM-1 was employed for microvessel density （MVD） count. Results Tumor size of the four groups all presented a quadratic function growth trend with time （Plt;0.05）. Tumor growth speed was slower in toremifene groups of low and high doses than that in the control group and the estradiol group. The growth inhibition rate of the estradiol group，the low dose toremifene group and the high dose toremifene group was －15.1%，22.6%，and 45.1%，respectively. The expressions of ERα，VEGF，and MVD in the estradiol group were significantly higher than those in the control group，the low dose toremifene group and the high dose toremifene group （all Plt;0.05）. The expressions of ERα，VEGF，and MVD in the low dose toremifene group were significantly lower than those in control group，but higher than those in high dose toremifene group （all Plt;0.05）.The expression of ERα was positively related to VEGF （r=0.664，Plt;0.05） and MVD（r=0.593，Plt;0.05）. Conclusion Toremifene can inhibit tumor growth，which maybe involved in inhibiting ERα mediated VEGF expression.
Objective To investigate the correlation of the polymorphism of the estrogen receptor alpha gene Pvu II site and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese population. Methods Such databases as CBM, CNKI, Wangfang database, VIP, MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, Springer, and Ovid were searched from their establishment date to November of 2010 to collect the case-control studies on the correlation of estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism Pvu II sites with coronary heart disease of the Chinese. The quality of included studies was evaluated, the available data was extracted, and then the RevMan5.0 software was used for Meta analyses. Results Nine case-control studies were included, involving 1 464 cases with coronary heart disease and 1 203 cases in the control group. The results of Meta-analyses showed that, as to the correlation of the polymorphism of ER alpha gene Pvu II site T/C and CHD, there was no significant difference in the risk of CHD between people with different genotypes, i.e. the C allele versus T allele (OR=0.95, 95%CI 0.77 to 1.17, P=0.63), genotype of (TC + CC) versus TT (OR=0.97, 95%CI 0.73 to 1.28, P=0.81), genotype of TC versus TT (OR = 0.93, 95%CI 0.68 to 1.26, P=0.64), genotype of CC versus TT (OR=0.86, 95%CI 0.57 to 1.31, P=0.49). Conclusion Estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphism Pvu II site are not associated with the coronary heart disease in Chinese population.