Objective To evaluate the effect of vitrectomy on traumatic retinal detachment combined with choroidal damage. Methods The data of 1075 traumatic eyes which underwent vitrectomy from 1995 to 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Forty-one patients (41eyes, 3.8%) with different kinds of choroidal injuries, including traumatic retinal detachment combined with serous choroidal detachment, hemorrhagic choroidal detachment (including traum atic separation of choroid and sclera) or subretinal hemorrhage, underwent closed vitrectomy. The operative prognosis in different groups were analyzed statisti cally. Results The retina reattached in 38 eyes （92.7％）, in cluding 10 with the final visual acuity gt; 0.1（24.4％）；the visual acuity improved postoperatively in 29 (70.7％)，including 14 in subretinal hemorrhage group （87.5％, 14/16），12 in serous choroidal detachment group（75.0%, 12/16）and 3 in hemorrhagic choroidal detachment（33.3%, 3/9） (chi;2＝8.394, P＝0.015); amaurosis was found in 6 eyes, all of which were with hemorrhagic choroidal deta chment preoperatively. In 17 eyes with ocular hypotension, a persistent silicone oil tamponade was needed in 8（47.1％）, in which 5 were in the hemorrhagic choroidal detachement group (55.6％, 5/9). Conclusions Appropriate vitrectomy is helpful for traumatic retinal detachment combined with choroidal damage, and the operative prognosis of the patients combined with subretinal hemorrhage is good. The operative prognosis of hemorrhagic choroidal detachment is worse than that of the serous choroidal detachment. However, it doesnprime;t mean that all the hemorrhagic choroidal detachment eyes need ocular enucleation. The prognosis of eyes with severe traumatic choroidal detachment was poor, and the eyes are with ocular hypotension which needs a long-term silicone oil tamponade. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22:295-298)