ObjectiveTo investigate the risk factor for restenosis of esophageal anastomosis stricture after esophageal cancer operation. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 83 patients including 61males and 22 females at age of 58.9(41-81) years with esophageal anastomoic stricture after esophageal cancer operation between January 2002 and December 2013. According to whether the patients developed to restenosis or not, the statistical test and logistic regression was conducted to analyze the risk factors for restenosis. ResultsIn the 83 patients with esophageal anastomoic stricture after esophageal cancer surgery, 35 patients (42.2%) experienced restenosis within the following-up of 1 year. The result of logistic regression analysis indicated that restenosis appeared in 3 months (Wald value=23.3, P < 0.001), the interval between two subsequent sessions of more than 4 weeks at each esophagus dilatation(Wald value=4.8, P=0.029) and the stricture diameter of less than 12 mm after dilation (Wald value=5.8, P=0.016) are the independent risk factors for restenosis in esophageal anastomotic stricture. ConclusionFor the patients with esophageal anastomoic stricture after esophageal cancer operation, we believe that it's conducive to reduce esophageal restenosis if the interval between dilations is within 4 weeks and the diameter of stricture after dilation can reach above 12 mm.