Objective To study the significance of the levels of plasma inflammatory cytokines (IL-6，IL-8，IL-10 and TNF-α) in patients with acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of lower extremity. Methods Forty untreated DVT cases were selected as the subjects in the DVT group, while thirty healthy subjects, whose ages and genders showed no significant difference with the DVT patients, were collected as the control group. The plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA), and the plasma level of IL-10 was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationships between the levels of different inflammatory cytokines within DVT group. Results The levels of plasma cytokines in the DVT group were all significantly higher than those in control group (P＜0.001). The results of the correlation analysis showed that there were positive correlations between IL-6 and TNF-α (r=0.383, P＜0.05), IL-10 and TNF-α (r=0.390, P＜0.05), respectively, within the DVT group; whereas there were no correlations between IL-6 and IL-8, IL-6 and IL-10, IL-8 and IL-10, and IL-8 and TNF-α. Conclusion The levels of plasma cytokines increased significantly in patients of DVT. Inflammatory cytokines may play an important role in acute DVT by accelerating the pace of thrombosis, intensifying the inflammatory reaction around thrombus and aggravating the injured blood vessel.
Objective To investigate the recent studies about the relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae and abdominal aortic aneurysm. Methods The current literatures about the relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae and abdominal aortic aneurysm were reviewed. Results Chlamydia pneumoniae is one of the most important factors for the formation of abdominal aortic aneurysm since Chlamydia pneumoniae can cause abdominal aortic aneurysm through the metabolism of matrix metalloproteinases, the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells in the vessels and the chronic infection of the wall of the aneurysm. Conclusion There maybe a distinguishingly close relationship between Chlamydia pneumoniae and abdominal aortic aneurysm, and Chlamydia pneumoiae may take an important role in the development and progress of the abdominal aortic aneurysm.
ObjectiveTo explore the application of extracorporeal venovenous bypass in orthotopic liver transplantation in pigs and to compare hemodynamic changes during operation of two different bypass ways. MethodsTwentyfive porcine orthotopic liver transplantations were performed and extracorporeal venovenous bypass was established during anhepatic phase through a catheter in portal vein (group A,n=16) or in splenic vein (group B,n=9).Hemodynamic changes were monitored continuously.ResultsFourteen recipients survived two days after operation (14/16) in group A while all survived in group B (9/9).Transient hemodynamic disturbance (MAP and CVP decreased,and HR increased) was monitored at both the beginning and the end of anhepatic stage in group A,while these parameters kept stable in group B (P＜0.05).ConclusionApplying venovenous bypass may stabilize recipients’ hemodynamics in porcines orthotopic liver transplantation,and splenic vein draining way has more advantages than portal vein.
ObjectiveTo study the early functional change of sinusoid endothelial cell after liver transplantation in rat, and to investigate the endothelia protective effect of prostaglandin E1(PGE1). MethodsRat orthotopic liver transplantation model was performed in “twocuff method”, grouped as follows: group A served as normal rat blank control, group B as operative control with normal donor, group C as experimental control with shock donor, and group D as experimental group with shock donor and PGE1 administration (n=8 in each group). Transplanted groups (referring to recipients without specific definition) were sacrificed 6 h after operation for blood taken to detect serum liver enzymes (ALT, LDH), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) and plasm endothelin (ET). Liver tissue was resected at the same time for standard pathologic examination. Comparison of the difference the results was made between groups. ResultsCold preservation time and anhepatic phase were similar in each group, (2±0.5) h and (15±3) min respectively. All survived 6 h after transplantation (8/8) in group B and D with a survival rate of 100%, only 5 survived 6 h after transplantation in group C (5/8) with a survival rate of 62.5%. Comparing with group C, blood ALT, LDH, MDA, ET decreased and NO increased significantly in group D (Plt;0.05). Marked histologic structural damage was observed in group C, while normal light microscope appearance was better preserved in group C and D. ConclusionMarked sinusoid endothelia injury occurs during liver transplantation. Concentration of serum NO and plasm ET well presents its function. PGE1 relieves endothelia injury by improving hemodynamics and stabilizing sinusoid endothelial cell plasma membrane.
Objective To be expressed human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) recombinant protein in Escherichia Coli in high level. Methods VEGF was amplified from human fetal brain cDNA library, the amplified fragment was inserted into M13mP18 and confirmed to be VEGF165cDNA by restriction mapping and DNA sequencing, then it was combined with an expression vector PRL621. This recombinant plasmid overexpressed a 20kd recombinant protein in E.Coli(TG1), the protein was isolated and purifed from E.Coli, and initially renatured. Results The overexpressed recombinant protein was 35% of the total cell protein, the sequence of its first 15-N terminal amino acid was identrical to that of the human natural VEGF protein, Chorioallantoic membrane(CAM) assay showed that the rhVEGF promated new capillary vessels formation. Conclusion The genetic engineering Escherichia Coli can express human vascular endothelial growth factor in high level.
Objective To evaluate surgical treatment of infected pseudoaneurysm (PA) caused by injection of addictive drugs. Methods The clinical data of 17cases of infected PA caused by drug injection were reviewed retrospectively. Ofthem, 1 case was female, and the other 16 cases were male, aging 24-38 years. The locations were brachial artery in 1 case and femoral artery in 16 cases. Fourteen cases were treated by artificial blood vessel transplantation after resection of the aneurysm and radical debridement, 1 case by amputation for serious infection, and 2 cases by non-operation for different reasons. Results Among 14 cases treated by prosthetic grafts, 13 cases achieved satisfactory results, no blood drawback of lower extremity occurred after operation; 1 case had to be amputated for serious infection. After 3 months of operation, the color Doppler examination showed that the 9 artificial vessel grafts were patent and the pulse of arteria dorsal pedis was good. Conclusion Though artificial vessel grafting has high risk in the vicinity of infected PA, it is still an effective procedure for revascularization in condition that there is no suitable autogenous conduit available for auto transplantation. Sufficient drainage, anti-infection and anti-coagulation therapy should be the key factors after the operation.
【Abstract】 Objective To discuss the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes in the disease of chronic venous insufficiency （CVI）. Methods The relevant literatures about the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory reaction in CVI were reviewed. Results The role of inflammatory reaction in occurrence and development of venous diseases has been studied a lot in recent years. It was found that the leukocyte activation and inflammatory reaction are involved in the structural remodeling of venous valves and walls, leading to valvular incompetence and formation of varicose veins. Conclusion Leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes take important roles in the occurrence and progression of CVI.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo explore the protective effect of ligustrazine on the ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat liver. MethodsNinety-six healthy SD rats were divided randomly into three groups: sham operation group, ischemiareperfusion group（I/R group) and ischemia plus ligustrazine reperfusion group(therapy group).The plasm ALT,AST and LDH were measured before operation,at thirty minutes,six hours and twentyfour hours after operation. One week survival and liver pathological change of every group were observed, and the hepatocyte apoptosis index was measured simultaneously.ResultsOne week survival of therapy group was higher than that of I/R group (P＜0.05). The plasm ALT,AST and LDH of therapy group and I/R group were higher than those of the sham operation group significantly (P＜0.05), and those of therapy group were lower than those of the I/R group (P＜0.05). Light microscopy indicated that the liver sinusoid and central veins were congested remarkably after operation, the hepatocyte necrosis in I/R group was more severe than that in therapy group, and the hepatocyte apoptosis index of I/R group was higher than that of therapy group (P＜0.05). ConclusionThe protective effect of ligustrazine on ischemia-reperfusion injury of rat liver is obvious.
【摘要】 目的 建立ICU专科护士培养模式，并对其培养模式的实施效果进行评价。 方法 课题研究采用德尔菲法，根据函询结果构建ICU专科护士培养模式，并将模式应用于29名护理人员的ICU专科培训。 结果 学员的理论水平、技术水平、综合能力均有明显提高。 结论 建立的培养模式符合ICU专科护士培养需求。【Abstract】 Objective To establish the training mode for ICU nurses and evaluate the effect of the training mode. Methods The training mode for ICU nursing was established via the Delphi method. According to the result of consultation, we put the training mode into practice; 29 qualified ICU nurses were trained. Results The level of theory and skills of the trained nurses improved, and the all-round ability was better than before. Conclusion The training mode is suitable to train ICU nurses.
ObjectiveTo discuss the diagnosis, treatment and clinical characteristics of open vascular injuries in the lower extremities and summarize our experiences. Methods To review the records of patients sustained an open injuries to the lower extremities vessel between 1999 and 2001 retrospectively. The clinical, operative findings and prognosis were collected and studied.ResultsAll 25 patients received emergency surgical treatment to repair the vascular injuries. It included 18 with isolated arterial injuries and 7 with combined arteriovenous injuries. Saphenous vein grafts were placed in 5 patients and vascular prostheses were placed in 5 patients with arterial injuries.Twentyfour patients were cured (96%), and 1 graft obstruction occurred (could not be contacted 40 days after operation). ConclusionOpen vascular injuries in the lower extremities should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. The aim of the operation is to repair or reconstruct the injured vessel and to lower the mortality and morbidity rate.