【摘要】 目的 探讨伴有动眼神经麻痹的后交通动脉瘤的显微手术治疗效果。 方法 回顾性分析2008年1月—2010年12月采用显微外科手术治疗的伴随动眼神经麻痹的后交通动脉瘤患者52例的临床资料，观察动眼神经麻痹的恢复情况，总结临床经验。术后随访时间3～36个月，平均16个月。 结果 发病至手术时间lt;14 d患者34例，22例（64.7%）完全恢复，12例（35.3%）部分恢复。gt;14 d者18例，6例（32.3%）完全恢复，12例（67.7%）不完全恢复。不完全性麻痹15例，12例（80.0%）完全恢复，3例（20.0%）得到改善；而术前完全动眼神经麻痹的37例中，仅11例（29. 7% ）彻底恢复、26例（70. 3% ）部分恢复。 结论 早期明确诊断及尽早手术治疗，对于伴随有动眼神经麻痹的后交通动脉瘤患者的神经功能恢复极为重要。【Abstract】 Objective To explore the curative effect of microsurgical treatment for posterior communicating artery aneurysms associated with oculomotor palsy. Methods The clinical data of 52 patients with posterior communicating artery aneurysms associated with oculomotor palsy treated microsurgically from January 2008 to December 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Recovery of oculomotor palsy was observed, and clinical experiences were summarized. Results The follow-up time ranged from 3 to 36 months with a mean period of 16 months. Among the 34 patients operated on within 14 days after the onset of oculomotor palsy, 22 (64.7%) showed complete recovery, and 12 (35.3%) partial recovery. In the 18 patients operated on more than 14 days after the onset of the disease, 6 (32.3%) showed complete recovery, and 12 (67.7%) partial recovery. Incomplete palsy occurred in 15 patients among whom 12 (80%) had complete recovery and 3 (20%) alleviation. Among the other 38 patients with complete oculomotor palsy, only 11 (29.7%) got complete recovery, and the remaining 26 (70.3%) partial recovery. Conclusion Early and positive diagnosis and treatment of patients with posterior communicating artery aneurysms associated with oculomotor palsy is of great importance to the nerve function recovery.