ObjectiveTo explore the distribution and features of the optic cup stem cells in embryonic rat at tailbud stage.MethodsThe distribution of optic cup stem cells in optic cup tissue in 12.5-embryonic-day-old rats was observed by immunohistochemistry. The separated cells from optic cup were cultured with serum-free media, and immunofluorescence technique was used to detect the ability of hyperplasia of stem cells and expression of CHX10 antigen and specific antigens of mature retinal cells before and after differentiation.ResultsThe optic cup stem cells in embryonic rat at tailbud stage were mainly located at inner, outer, and marginal layer of optic cup. No expression of specifically marked protein of mature retinal cells was detected. The cells separated from optic cup had the ability of single-cell clone, positive expression of CHX10 and expression of several specific antigens of mature retinal cells after the inducement, including Thy1.1, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), protein kinase C (PKC) α, and rhodopsin.ConclusionOptic cup of 12.5-embryonic-day-old rats composes of undifferentiated cells, and the stem cells are mainly located in optic cup inner and marginal. High ability of hyperplasia of the optic cup stem cells cultured in vitro is found. The cells, which are retinal stem cells, can express several specifically marked proteins of mature retinal cells after inducement and differentiation.(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2005,21:159-162)
ObjectiveTo enhance the understanding of Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) with pulmonary vascular involvement through the analyses on clinical features.MethodsA retrospective study was conducted to analyze the clinical records of patients diagnosed as TA with pulmonary vascular involvement admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2007 to August 2017.ResultsIn recent 10 years, there were 233 patients diagnosed as TA in Beijing Anzhen Hospital, 17 of them were involved with pulmonary arterial, which accounted for 7.3%. Fourteen patients were females, 3 patients were males. The age ranged from 16 to 59 years with an average of (40±13) years. Among the 17 patients, dyspnea (15 cases, 88.2%) was the most common symptom, and unequal blood pressure of upper limbs (9 cases, 52.9%) was the main sign. Thirteen patients had pulmonary hypertension by echocardiographic examination. Angiographic data showed that multi-lobular and multi-segmental pulmonary branches were predominantly affected. Unilateral involvement of pulmonary artery was more common than bilateral involvement, while the right pulmonary arteries were more often affected than the left. Thirteen patients received hormone and immunosuppressive therapy, 11 patients received anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy, and 5 patients received targeted treatment of pulmonary artery pressure.ConclusionsThe clinical manifestation of TA is unspecific and misdiagnosis rate is relatively high. Improving the understanding of TA is necessary so as to reduce the misdiagnosis rate at an early stage and ameliorate the prognosis.