With the development of surgical technology and the need of clinical, transesophageal echocardiography is more and more favored by clinicians. Although the transesophageal echocardiography has developed more than 20 years, yet it has not been widely used in operation at present in domestic. In addition, its application in surgery of children is more rare. It has been confirmed that intraoperative use of transesophageal echocardiography has good safety and wide range of application. We will summarize indications, complications, and the progress of the current technology from the scope of transesophageal echocardiography in pediatric surgery.