Objective To investigate the features of ocular fundus of retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) in Chinese patients more than 50. Methods The clinical data of 31 continuous patients (34 eyes) with PED diagnosed by ocular fundus photochromy, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography ( ICGA ) from Oct, 2001 to Aug, 2004 were analyzed retrospectively. Results In 34 eyes with PED, the results of FFA showed serous PED in 18 (52.9%), hemorrhagic PED in 8 (23.5%), and serosanguineous PED in 8 (23.5%); the results of ICGA revealed PED associated with choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in 12 (35.3%), PED associated with ploypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in 17 (50.0%), PED associated with both CNV and PCV in 1 (2.9%), and avascular PED in 4 (11.8%). Conclusions PED in Chinese patients more than 50 can be associated with CNV, PCV or other avascular diseases, and PCV is the most common intercurrent choroidal vascular disease. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 224-227)
Objective To evaluate the characteristics of two angiographic manifestation of ocular fundus in choroidal metastatic carcinomas. Methods Fundus fluoresein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed on 17 patients (24 eyes) with choroidal metastatic carcinomas, and the characteristics of these two kinds of angiograms were analyzed and compared each other. Results According to various clinical features, e.g., locations of metastatic tumor in ocular fundus, disease course, and different kinds of original malignancy, the findings of ocular fundus were divided into (1) Isolation type: FFA showed pinpoint and mottled leaks against hypofluorescence background, increased and confluent fluoresecence in later stage. ICGA showed the similar images as in FFA, except later appearance of leaks and the choroidal vesseles could be seen beneath the thin metastatic tumor mass.(2) Diffusion type: Tumors showed hypofluorescence in early stage and uneven ill-defined hyperfluorescence both in FFA and in ICGA. (3) Small metastatic carcinomas: Hypofluorescence in early stage and mild mottled hyperfluorescence were found in FFA as well as in ICGA. Conclusion Both FFA and ICGA are helpful in the diagnosis of choroidal metastatic tumors and ICGA may be conducive if there are some troubles in diagnosing the tumors with FFA. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2002, 18: 92-95)
Objective To observe the findings of indocyanine green angiography(ICGA) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) of the patients with multifocal posterior pigment epitheliopathy(MPPE). Methods ICGA and FFA were performed in 6 cases(7 eyes)of MPPE and the findings were analysed and compared between these examinations. Results Five cases(5 eyes)were found to be in the active stage of the disease under FFA,and among them 4 eyes(80%)showed delayed choroidal perfusion at the early stage of ICGA.During the active stage of the disease,ICGA showed leakage relative to FFA leakage,and there were diffuse hyperfluorescence around the points of leakages as well as in the posterior pole of ocular fundus．In convulescence,although FFA revealed no obvious leakage,ICGA still denoted the presence of leakages. Conclusions MPPE was considered to be the more serious type of central serous chorioretinopathy showing the same but more extensive ICGA abnormality. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,2000，16：6-8)
Objective Observation on the characteristics of choroidal melanomas with indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and fundus fluorescsin angiography(FFA). Methods Both ICGA and FFA were used in 16 cases of choroidal melanoma for comparison and analysis. Results 81.2% of tumors showed hypofluorescence all the way or faint fluorescence in later stage．62.6% of tumors had characteristic intrinsic tumor vassels with ICGA,while 12.5% of tumors had intrinsic vessels with FFA．Those tumors that can't be diagnosed owing to whole hyperfluorescence in later stage with FFA may be diagnosed by visibility of intrinsic tumor vessels with ICGA. Conclusion ICGA is helpful in the diagnosis of choroidal melanoma. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2000，16：3-5)
ObjectiveTo observe the efficacy of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) guided half-dose photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of acute central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). MethodsA prospective randomized controlled trial. A total of 72 patients (72 eyes) with acute CSC in Peking University People's Hospital from April 2019 to April 2020 were included in the study. They were randomly divided into OCTA group (OCTA-guided PDT, 31 eyes of 31 patients) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) group (ICGA-guided PDT, 33 eyes of 33 patients). All patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus color photography, OCTA and ICGA examinations. International standard visual acuity chart was used for BCVA examination, which was converted into logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity. In OCTA group, the hyper-reflective area on en face OCTA image at choriocapillaris level was identified as treating area. In ICGA group, the area of choroidal vascular hyperpermeability on ICGA which was related to the leakage on fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) was identified as treating area. The area corresponding to the treating area on FFA or ICGA was outlined on the color fundus photograph to guide PDT laser spot. The complete subretinal fluid (SRF) resolution, BCVA, central retinal thickness (CRT) at 1, 3, 6 months and SRF recurrent rate at 3, 6 months were observed. Continuous variables between the two groups were compared by t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test. The χ2 test was used to compare the categorical variables. ResultsAt 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment, the SRF absorption rate in OCTA group and ICGA group was 74.2% (23/31), 63.6% (21/33), 87.1% (27/31) and 84.8% (28/33), 96.8% (30/31), 91.9% (31/33), respectively. OCTA-guided PDT was demonstrated noninferior to ICGA-guided PDT for complete SRF resolution at 1, 3, 6 months [95% confidence interval (CI) －11.9%-33.1%, P=0.402; 95%CI －14.7%-19.3%, P=0.107; 95%CI －6.3%-16.1%, P=0.226]. There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate of SRF between the two groups at 3 and 6 months after treatment (χ2=0.009, 0.047; P=0.925, 0.828). The difference of CRT was statistically significant at 6 months (t=2.017, P=0.047). There was no significant difference in logMAR BCVA at 1, 3 and 6 months after treatment (t=0.529, 0.762, 1.017; P=0.581, 0.403, 0.243). ConclusionsDuring 6 months follow-up, OCTA-guided PDT was demonstrated noninferior to ICGA-guided PDT for the SRF absorption rate in patients with acute CSC.
ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of using indocyanine green angiography in mapping the superficial temporal vessels and assisting design and harvesting of the superficial temporal artery based forehead flap. Methods A clinical data of 14 patients with facial soft tissue defects repaired with superficial temporal artery based forehead flaps between October 2015 and November 2022 was retrospectively analyzed. There were 9 males and 5 females with a median age of 9.5 years (range, 3-38 years). The forehead flaps were used to reconstruct facial soft tissue defects following excision of facial scar (8 cases) or congenital melanocyte nevus (6 cases). The size of defects ranged from 3 cm×2 cm to 24 cm×9 cm. Before operation, the indocyanine green angiography was used to map the superficial temporal artery and vein, and to analyze the relationship of the arteries and veins. The forehead flaps with unilateral superficial temporal fascia as the pedicle was transferred to repair the small facial defect in 2 cases. The facial pedicle contained the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery and 2 cm of the superficial temporal fascia around the vessel, and the tiny accompanying vein of the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery was used as the outflow of the flap. The forehead flaps with the skin pedicle including bilateral or unilateral superficial temporal fascia and the overlying skin was pre-expanded and transferred to repair the large facial defect in 12 cases. The skin pedicle contained the frontal branch of superficial temporal artery and one of main branches of superficial temporal vein. Among the 12 cases, the frontal branch of superficial temporal vein was used as the outflow in 4 cases, and the parietal branch was used as the outflow in 8 cases. The size of the flaps ranged from 3 cm×2 cm to 30 cm×13 cm. The skin pedicles were divided at 3 weeks after the flap transfer. ResultsIndocyanine green angiography could clearly showed the course and branching of the superficial temporal artery and vein. Individual differences existed in the location where the frontal branch of the superficial temporal artery entered the forehead. The superficial temporal vein had great variability and did not follow the artery. One patient had expander-related complication, which resulted in 3-cm flap necrosis. The necrotic tissue was debrided and repaired with skin grafting. The other flaps totally survived and the incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up 2-24 months, with a median of 11.5 months. The color, texture, and thickness of the flaps matched well with those of recipient sites. Hypertrophic scar was not observed in recipient or donor site. All patients were satisfied with the reconstructive outcomes. ConclusionIndocyanine green angiography can clearly visualize the course and the branches of the superficial temporal arteries and veins, which can help surgeons understand the position, distribution, and concomitant relationship of the superficial temporal vessels, and make a rational surgical plan of the forehead flap.