ObjectiveTo understand the prevention and control effects of iodine deficiency disorders and its progression trend of disease condition in Chongqing. MethodsOne primary school was randomly selected as longitudinal surveillance sites in each of 4 counties in Chongqing city. A total of 90 children aged 8 to 10 years were randomly selected in each school with goiter, salt iodine, urinary iodine and intelligence detected. Meanwhile, in the four sites, urinary iodine of pregnant women and nursing women was tested. The goiter was examined by B-ultrasonograghy, urinary iodine by Ce arsenic acid digestion, and salt iodine by direct drop methods. ResultsA total of 360 children aged 8 to 10 years were investigated surveillance sites. The total goiter rate was 5.28%. There was no significant difference in the total goiter rate among different counties (P > 0.05). The median of iodized salt was 26.65 mg/kg. The coverage rate of iodized salt, consumption rate of qualified iodized salt and intake rate of qualified iodized salt was 99.72%, 91.09% and 97.04%, respectively. The medians of urine iodine of children, pregnant and nursing women were 238.15 μg/L, 218.15 μg/L and 252.90 μg/L, respectively. The cases with urine iodine lower than 100 μg/L accounted for 11.94%, 32.93% and 13.75%, respectively. The cases with urine iodine above 300 μg/L accounted for 34.17%, 13.41% and 43.75%, respectively. The mean intelligence quotient of children was 112.57. ConclusionThe goiter rate of schoolchildren in Chongqing city is relatively high and the population's iodine nutrition level is stable. However, the shortage and overdose of iodine still exist in Chongqing city.
Objective To investigate the effects of autologous platelet-rich gel (APG) combined with intelligent trauma negative-pressure comprehensive therapeutic instrument on patients with refractory diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Methods A total of 80 patients with refractory DFU treated in the hospital from January 2015 to January 2017 were divided into the trial group (n=40) and the control group (n=40) by the random number table method. The patients in the two groups were given routine treatment, and on the basis, the patients in the control group were treated with the intelligent trauma negative-pressure comprehensive therapeutic instrument while the ones in the trial group were treated with APG combined with intelligent trauma negative-pressure therapeutic instrument alternately. All patients were observed for 12 weeks. The cure rates, healing time and changes of wound volumes in the two groups before treatment and at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after treatment were recorded. Results The total effective rate of treatment in the trial group was higher than that in the control group (87.5% vs. 67.5%, P<0.05). The wound volumes in the two groups at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment were smaller than those before treatment and at 2 weeks after treatment (P<0.05). The wound volumes in the trial group at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment were significantly smaller than those in the control group (P<0.05). The healing times of Wagner Ⅱ and Ⅲ DFU in the trial group were significantly shorter than those in the control group [(24.71±4.29)vs. (33.84±6.09) days, P<0.05; (33.04±5.97)vs. (45.29±7.05) days, P<0.05]. Conclusion Alternate treatment with APG combined with intelligent trauma negative-pressure comprehensive therapeutic instrument for refractory DFU can promote wound healing, shorten wound healing time, and improve the clinical efficacy.
Sleep-related breathing disorder (SRBD) is a sleep disease with high incidence and many complications. However, patients are often unaware of their sickness. Therefore, SRBD harms health seriously. At present, home SRBD monitoring equipment is a popular research topic to help people get aware of their health conditions. This article fully compares recent state-of-art research results about home SRBD monitors to clarify the advantages and limitations of various sensing techniques. Furthermore, the direction of future research and commercialization is pointed out. According to the system design, novel home SRBD monitors can be divided into two types: wearable and unconstrained. The two types of monitors have their own advantages and disadvantages. The wearable devices are simple and portable, but they are not comfortable and durable enough. Meanwhile, the unconstrained devices are more unobtrusive and comfortable, but the supporting algorithms are complex to develop. At present, researches are mainly focused on system design and performance evaluation, while high performance algorithm and large-scale clinical trial need further research. This article can help researchers understand state-of-art research progresses on SRBD monitoring quickly and comprehensively and inspire their research and innovation ideas. Additionally, this article also summarizes the existing commercial sleep respiratory monitors, so as to promote the commercialization of novel home SRBD monitors that are still under research.
This comprehensive review systematically explores the multifaceted applications, inherent challenges, and promising future directions of artificial intelligence (AI) within the medical domain. It meticulously examines AI's specific contributions to basic medical research, disease prevention, intelligent diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, nursing, and health management. Furthermore, the review delves into AI's innovative practices and pivotal roles in clinical trials, hospital administration, medical education, as well as the realms of medical ethics and policy formulation. Notably, the review identifies several key challenges confronting AI in healthcare, encompassing issues such as inadequate algorithm transparency, data privacy concerns, absent regulatory standards, and incomplete risk assessment frameworks. Looking ahead, the future trajectory of AI in healthcare encompasses enhancing algorithm interpretability, propelling generative AI applications, establishing robust data-sharing mechanisms, refining regulatory policies and standards, nurturing interdisciplinary talent, fostering collaboration among industry, academia, and medical institutions, and advancing inclusive, personalized precision medicine. Emphasizing the synergy between AI and emerging technologies like 5G, big data, and cloud computing, this review anticipates a new era of intelligent collaboration and inclusive sharing in healthcare. Through a multidimensional analysis, it presents a holistic overview of AI's medical applications and development prospects, catering to researchers, practitioners, and policymakers in the healthcare sector. Ultimately, this review aims to catalyze the deep integration and innovative deployment of AI technology in healthcare, thereby driving the sustainable advancement of smart healthcare.