【Abstract】Objective To study the influence of early hemofiltration on plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β and their transcription levels in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) pigs. Methods The model of SAP was induced by retrograde injection of artificial bile into pancreatic duct in pigs. Animals were divided randomly into two groups: SAP hemofiltration treatment group (HF group, n=8) and SAP no hemofiltration treatment group (NHF group, n=8). TNF-α and IL-1β plasma concentrations were measured by ELISA. Their transcription levels in the tissues of pancreas, liver and lung were assayed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Results After hemofiltration treatment, the plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-1β increased gradually but were lower than those of NHF group at the same time spot 〔at 6 h after hemofiltration treatment, (618±276) pg/ml vs (1 375±334) pg/ml and (445±141) pg/ml vs (965±265) pg/ml, P＜0.01〕. At 6 h after hemofiltration treatment, the transcription levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in tissues of pancreas, liver and lung were lower than in NHF group (57.8±8.9 vs 85.7±17.4, 48.0±8.1 vs 78.1±10.2, 46.2±9.6 vs 82.4±10.5; 55.9±9.0 vs 82.2±15.7, 40.6±9.2 vs 60.0±10.6, 35.7±9.8 vs 58.1±9.3, P＜0.01). Conclusion Early hemofiltration can reduce TNF-α and IL-1β plasma concentrations and transcription levels in SAP pigs.
ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effects of L arginine (L arg) on systemic inflammatory response after cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB).MethodsFifty one patients with rheumatic heart disease were randomly divided into two groups: L arg group ( n =25) and control group ( n =26). For L arg group, L arg at 300mg/kg was given during operation. Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF α),interleukin 1β(IL 1β)and interleukin 10(IL 10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay technique at baseline(before operation) and at 2,4,8,24 and 48 h after CPB termination.ResultsTNF α,IL 1β and IL 10 levels were increased in both groups after CPB ( P lt;0.05); levels of TNF α, IL 1β returned to normal at 48 h after CPB; In L arg group, TNF α and IL 1β levels were significantly lower than those in control group at 4,8 and 24 h after CPB ( P lt; 0 05). No significant difference were detected in IL 10 between groups( P gt;0.05).ConclusionL arg may decrease plasma levels of TNF α and IL 1β after CPB, it implies L arg may inhibit inflammation induced by CPB.
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of synovial fluid uric acid, the serum and synovial fluid interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). MethodsThe clinical data of 130 patients with KOA treated between January and December 2013 and 30 patients with gouty arthritis (GA) treated at the same period were collected. The clinical symptoms, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score, the serum and synovial fluid IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, uric acid levels, radiographic joint stenosis score, and bone hyperplasia score of the patients were compared using t-test analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. ResultsIn the KOA group, the synovial fluid uric acid and joint stenosis score (r=0.31, P=0.037), bone hyperplasia score (r=0.38, P=0.027) were positively correlated; serum and synovial fluid uric acid gradient and hypnalgia were positively correlated (r=0.34, P=0.031); the synovial fluid IL-6 and joint stenosis score (r=0.33, P=0.029), bone hyperplasia score (r=0.37, P=0.032) were positively correlated; the synovial fluid IL-1β and joint stenosis score (r=0.39, P=0.023), bone hyperplasia score (r=0.34, P=0.034) were positively correlated; and the synovial fluid uric acid and IL-1β (r=0.26, P=0.003), IL-6 (r=0.21, P=0.016) were positively correlated. ConclusionSynovial uric acid, IL-1β and IL-6 play a role in the inflammatory progress of knee osteoarthritis.
ObjectiveTo study the effect of down-regulated leptin receptor by small interfering RNA (siRNA) in inhibiting the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of interleukin (IL)-1β and nitric oxide (NO) of human osteoarthritis chondrocytes, in order to provide reference for basic clinical research. MethodsCartilage was harvested under sterile conditions from osteoarthritis knee joints in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty. Human articular chondrocytes were isolated and the cells were cultured in vitro. The cells in the 3rd passage were transferred by siRNA Ob-Rb (experimental group) and blank Ob-Rb (control group), respectively. Then mRNA expressions of IL-1β and NO were tested by quantitative polymerase chain reaction at hour 24, 48 and 72 after successful transfection. ResultsThe mRNA expressions of IL-1β increased slightly and that of NO declined slightly at hour 24, 48 and 72 after transfection in the treatment group, but they all were significantly lower than those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05) , and the differences became much larger as time went on. ConclusionLeptin receptor under siRNA technology can significantly inhibit the mRNA expressions of IL-1β and NO in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes.
ObjectiveTo investigate the anti-inflammatory mechanism of sodium aescinate in preventing postoperative intestinal adhesion in rats. MethodsThe SD rats were subjected to operation for establishing intestinal adhesion models, then randomly divided into model group, dexamethasone group(dexamethasone, i.v. 5 mg/kg), and sodium aescinate group(sodium aescinate, i.v. 2 mg/kg), 10 rats in each group. Another ten normal rats were selected as sham operation group. One times administration was administered on day 1 before establishing adhesion model, and administration for 3 d after modeling, once a day. On day 7 after operation, all of the rats were killed. The intestinal adhesion was graded and the adhesive tissues were taken for hydroxyproline determination. The levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-1β, and IL-6 in the serum were detected by ELISA. ResultsCompared with the model group, sodium aescinate could obviously improve the severity of postoperative adhesion, markedly decrease hydroxyproline content in the adhesive tissues(P < 0.01), and significantly inhibit the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 in the serum(P < 0.01). ConclusionSodium aescinate could effectively prevent the formation of postoperative intestinal adhesion by inhibiting the expressions of inflammatory cytokines and decreasing the inflammatory response.
Objective To explore the mechanism of Liuhedan in promoting wound healing through applying Liuhedan to the infective wounds of New Zealand white rabbits. Methods A total of forty New Zealand white rabbit models of infective wounds were established after anesthesia. Five circular infective incisions were generated on the back of each rabbit, with a diameter of 2 cm. Five wounds of each rabbit were assigned respectively to the control group, model group, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group (Oleum Lithospermum), Western medicine group (calcium alginat), and treatment group (Liuhedan). Wound dressings were performed every day since postoperative day 1. Ten rabbits were selected randomly to be euthanized on postoperative day 3, 7, 14 and 21, respectively. Each specimen was divided into two parts. One was used for detecting interleukin-1β (IL-1β) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the other was used for detecting tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) by immunocytochemistry. Results On postoperative day 3 and 7, groups with the expression of IL-1β from low to high were respectively the control group, the treatment group, the Western medicine group, the TCM group, and the model group [postoperative day 3: (680.81±185.53), (1 028.67±205.57), (1 278.67±251.15), (1 449.86±230.74), (1 544.62±371.77) pg/mL; postoperative day 7: (1 024.43±239.94), (1 333.57±257.31), (1 635.14±222.40), (1 784.71±323.85), (1 953.29±324.78) pg/mL], and all the differences among the groups were significant (P<0.05); On postoperative day 14, groups with the expression of IL-1β from low to high were respectively the treatment group, the control group, the Western medicine group, the TCM group, and the model group [(908.71±108.61), (978.57±161.75), (1 120.43±265.39), (1 129.71±298.06), (1 191.14±234.92) pg/mL], and all the differences among groups were significant (P<0.05) except the difference between the Western medicine group and the TCM group (P>0.05); On postoperative day 21, the expression of IL-1β in the control group, the model group, the TCM group, and the Western medicine group was (487.19±121.80), (496.35±102.15), (500.31±139.34), (499.08±120.67) pg/mL, respectively, with no significant differences among the groups (P>0.05), which were all higher than that in the treatment group [(398.62±102.93) pg/mL] with significant difference (P<0.05). The expression of TNF-α in the model group was significantly greater than those in the other groups. The expression of TNF-α in the treatment group and Western medicine group was significantly lower compared with the model group. The expression of TNF-α in the TCM group was stronger compared with those in the treatment group and the Western medicine group. Conclusion Liuhedan can specifically suppress the expressions of IL-1β and TNF-α in the treatment of infective wounds, decrease the release of inflammatory factor and promote the healing.