ObjectiveTo study the expression of matrilysin in gastric cancer and to evaluate the correlation between its expression and invasion, metastasis, and prognosis. MethodsA total of 52 patients with gastric cancer were selected and followed up. The expressions of matrilysin in gastric primary focus, normal gastric mucosa, and metastatic lymph nodes were examined by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The correlations between matrilysin expression and tumor invasion, metastasis, and prognosis were assessed. ResultsThe expressions of matrilysin in gastric primary focus and metastatic lymph nodes significantly increased, while decreased or loss in normal gastric mucosa (Plt;0.001). The higher concordance was seen between the levels of mRNA and protein (Plt;0.001). Among patients with infiltrating type, penetrated serosa, area of serosa involved more than 20 cm2, and metastatic lymph nodes more than 7, the expression of matrilysin was significantly higher (Plt;0.01). The survival rate of patients with matrilysin higher expression (34.1%) was significantly lower than that with matrilysin lower expression (55.6%), χ2=9.778， P=0.002. Conclusions Up-regulated expression of matrilysin plays an important role in tumor invasion, metastasis, and poor prognosis, and it is a good molecular marker to reflect the biological behaviors of gastric cancer.
Objective To investigate the expression of c-met in tall cell variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma, and to compare it with other types of thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid tissue. Methods The expressions of c-met in 60 cases of thyroid specimens were tested by immunohistochemical staining. Results The levels of expressed c-met in tall cell variant specimens were significantly higher than those in other types of papillary thyroid carcinoma and benign thyroid tissue. c-met expressions were significantly different in the following pairs of types: tall cell variant vs common papillary carcinoma of thyroid (P=0.000 1), tall cell variant vs follicular variant papillary thyroid carcinoma (P=0.000 1), and tall cell variant vs benign thyroid tissue (P=0.000 1). In addition, for all types of papillary carcinomas evaluated, c-met expression was significantly higher in specimens with extracapsular spread (P=0.010 0) and skeletal muscle invasion (P=0.020 0). Conclusion The high expression of c-met is a significant marker for tall cell variant papillary carcinoma of thyroid and its invasive behavior. This finding may explain the unusually aggressive behavior of this tumor and suggest a role for c-met in the early identification of patients with tall cell variant thyroid carcinoma.
For an advanced elucidation of mechanisms of nm23-H1 suppressive effects on metastasis of primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), it is necessary to investigate the correlation between nm23-H1 expression and relative factors involved in the HCC invasion. In present report, full-length cDNA of nm23-H1 was subcloned into pBKCMV vector and transfected into HCC cell line to observe its effects on invasion, cytosolic free Ca2+ and Nras mRNA expression. The results showed that lower expression of N-ras and higher cytosolic free Ca2+ in transfected cell line were detected, while the potential of invasion was depressed. It suggests that the suppressive effects on HCC metastasis might interact with intracellular signal transduction which is essential for stimulating cell invasion.
ObjectiveTo summarize the relationship of microRNA (miRNA) to metastasis and invasion of breast cancer. MethodDomestic and international publications involving the relationship of miRNA to breast cancer were screened and reviewed. ResultsmiRNA played a key role in the process of breast cancer metastasis. According to its function, it could be distinguished from cancer-promoting gene (such as miR-21, miR-10b, etc.) to suppressor gene (such as miR-31, let-7, etc.). ConclusionThe more detailed experimental studies about the relationship of miRNA to metastasis and invasion of breast cancer need to be researched in order to provide a new method for the diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer metastasis and invasion.
ObjectiveTo study the relationship between mesenchymal transition epithelial (EMT) and the occurrence, development, invasion, and metastasis of gastric cancer, and to seek to block the EMT process so as to achieve the purpose of treating tumor. MethodsThe literatures of EMT, signal pathway, and gastric cancer were analyzed by querying the PubMed. ResultsThe function and regulation mechanism of EMT is closely related to the development of gastric cancer, in the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer, tumor invasion and metastasis through a variety of signaling pathways play a role, with a great clinical application prospects. ConclusionsEMT and tumor metastasis is very close, almost involved in every process of metastasis. It is necessary to further study the relationship between EMT and cancer, including gastric carcinoma metastasis. A new way for the treatment of human gastric cancer.
【Abstract】Objective To study the effects of exogenous hyaluronidase on invasive and angiogenic potential of human breast cancer cell line ZR-75-30.MethodsThere were two groups in the study: the study group (hyaluronidase group) and the control group. The invasive potential and the angiogenic potential of human breast cancer cell ZR-75-30 were detected by the invasive model in vitro and technique of double-chamber co-culture that human breast cancer cell line ZR-75-30 and human umbilicus vein endothelium cell ECV-304 were co-cultured. ResultsThe penetrating number of tumor cell in the study group (70.625±11.64) was significantly higher than that in the control group (22.125±6.09),P＜0.01. The tube number from ECV-304 cell induced by ZR-75-30 cell in the study group (34.5±2.4) was significantly higher than that in the control group (8.5±1.5)， P＜0.01. ConclusionExogenous hyaluronidase can reinforth the invasive and angiogenic ability of breast cancer cells.
Objective To study the expressions of Wnt5a, MMP2, and MMP14 in the primary lesions of gastric cancer and the influences on clinicopathologic features. Methods The expressions of Wnt5a, MMP2, and MMP14 in the specimens of 106 patients with gastric cancer and 39 patients from the adjacent normal gastric tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining, χ2 test and non-parametric test were used to analyze the relationships among them and between them and their influences on the clinicopathologic features. Results Extensive expressions of Wnt5a, MMP2, and MMP14 were demonstrated in the gastric cancer, which were significantly higher than those in the normal gastric tissues respectively (Plt;0.05). Positive expression of Wnt5a was associated with larger tumor diameter, deeper depth of invasion, higher degree of regional lymph node metastasis, later TNM stage, and higher rate of lymph node metastasis (Plt;0.05). In addition, Wnt5a expression was also associated with lymphatic infiltration and vascular infiltration (Plt;0.05). The expressions of MMP2 and MMP14 were associated with lymphatic infiltration, but not with vascular infiltration. Higher expressions of MMP2 and MMP14 were correlated with deeper tumor invasion, higher degree of regional lymph node metastasis, later TNM stage, and higher rate of lymph node metastasis (Plt;0.05). In addition, higher expression of MMP2 possesed greater tumor diameter (Plt;0.05). Spearman rank correlation analysis revealed the positive relation between Wnt5a and MMP2 （rs=0.240, P=0.014）, Wnt5a and MMP14 （rs=0.251, P=0.010）, as well as MMP2 and MMP14 （rs=0.444, P=0.000）. Conclusion Higher expressions of Wnt5a, MMP2, and MMP14 seem to promote invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer, and there are positive relations among their expressions.
Objective To detect the tissue factor (TF) mRNA expression in hepatocellular carcinoma and to elucidate its significance. Methods TF mRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） in 27 cases of human hepatocellular carcinoma tissue specimen with their adjacent tissues and in 27 non-tumorous process tissues. Then the relationship between mRNA expression and pathological data were analyzed. Results The expression and the relative expression intensity of TF in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues were 62.96%（17/27） and 0.567±0.268 respectively, which were significantly higher than those in their adjacent tissues 〔33.33%(9/27), 0.469±0.184〕 and in 27 non-tumorous process tissue 〔29.63%(8/27), 0.353±0.121〕, Plt;0.05. The relative expression intensity of TF were associated with tumor size, intrahepatic and extrahepatic metastasis and portal vein invasion, but unrelated to gender, AFP level, differentiation, HBsAg, cirrhosis, number of tumor lesions, and lymph node metastasis (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Expression of TF mRNA were significantly higher in hepatocellular carcinoma and in the invasive and metastatic tissue, which indicated that TF may play an important role in carcinogenesis, invasion and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of small interference RNA (siRNA) on the metastasis and invasion of A549 cells after silence the E-cadherin gene (CDH1).MethodsThe CDH1 gene in A549 cells was silenced by siRNA technology, and RT-QPCR and Western blot were used to detect the gene expression and protein expression after silencing. The cells were divided into control group (Control), siRNA negative group (siRNA-NC) and siRNA gene silencing group (siRNA-CDH1). CCK-8 detected cell viability after the gene silencing in 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, and cell scratch test to detect cell migration ability. Transwell chamber was used to detect cell invasiveness, and Western blot method was used to detect the expression level of key factors which involved in cell migration, invasion, such as vimentin, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), and N-cadherin. RT-QPCR was employed to detect the mRNA expression of vimentin, MMP-2, MMP-9, Slug and Snail.ResultsAfter CDH1 silencing, the activity of A549 cells increased significantly and was time-dependent, compared with Control group and siRNA-NC group (P<0.05). The cell scratch test and Transwell chamber test showed that the cell migration and invasion ability increased significantly after CDH1 silencing, compared with Control group and siRNA-NC group (P<0.05). The expression of vimentin, MMP-9, MMP-2 and N-cadherin in siRNA-CDH1 group increased significantly. The mRNA expression level of vimentin, MMP-9, MMP-2 and Slug and Snail also increased. Compared with Control group and siRNA-NC group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).ConclusionCDH1 plays an important role in tumor proliferation and invasion, and its deletion can increase the proliferation and invasion ability of A549 cells.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of β-catenin and Galectin-3 protein in human cervical carcinoma and its clinical pathological significance. MethodsEighty-three cervical specimens were collected from January 2010 to June 2013. By immunohistochemical method, β-catenin and Galectin-3 expression of the 83 cases of cervical carcinoma, 45 cases of intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and 25 normal cervix tissue (control) were detected. ResultsThe positive expression rate in cervical carcinoma of β-catenin and Galectin-3 was respectively 74.70% and 81.93%, which was significantly higher than that in intraepithelial neoplasia (ⅠandⅡ) and normal cervical tissue (P<0.05). Compared with cervical cancer, the expression of β-catenin and Galectin-3 in CINⅢ had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The positive expression of β-catenin was significantly correlated with histological grade of cervical cancer tissue, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics grade and lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive expression of Galectin-3 was closely related to histological grade of cervical cancer tissue and lymph node metastasis (P>0.05). Both β-catenin and Galectin-3 expression had no relationship with other clinical pathological parameters, such as age of patients, tumor size and pathological pattern of tumor (P>0.05). β-catenin expression had significant positive correlation with that of Galectin-3 (r=0.327, P=0.002). ConclusionThe expression of Galectin-3 and β-catenin increases obviously and is associated with abnormal clinical parameters (invasion or metastasis) in patients with cervical cancer. Galectin-3 and β-catenin may act as cancer metastasis and prognostic indicators in these patients.