目的 了解“5.12”汶川地震后四川省安县18个乡镇卫生院的卫生人力资源现状，分析存在的问题并提出建议。 方法 2010年11月采用问卷调查方式对安县18个乡镇卫生所进行调查，收集至2009年12月底卫生人力资源情况进行收集，并就调查结果进行分析。 结果 截至2009年12月底，该县医务人员总数为1 249人，其中乡镇卫生所550人，县级医院699人。在乡镇卫生所中，医生272人，护士116人，医护比为2.34︰1；学历以大专、高中及中专为主; 职称以初级及士级为主。 结论 安县卫生服务技术人员学历、职称、专业结构不尽合理，高层次人才短缺的问题，建议完善相关制度及加强全科医生培养工作。
West China Hospital has focused on discipline construction, substantially upgrading research results by strengthening scientific research, and has made great progress in the discipline construction in recent years. This paper aims to explore common various measures for the promotion of construction of state key disciplines, so as to offer a reference for construction of state key disciplines of large-scale, general medical colleges or hospitals.
Objective To systematically assess the efficacy and safety of probiotics in prevention and treatment of bronchial asthma. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of probiotics in prevention/treatment of asthma compared with placebo were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Web of Science, OVID and The Cochrane Library published before August 2011. The quality of the included RCTs was evaluated and the data were extracted by two assessors independently. Meta-analyses were performed with RevMan 5.1 software. Results Eleven RCTs on probiotics preventing asthma (n=3 656) and 5 RCTs on probiotics treating asthma (n=430) were identified. The Meta-analyses on preventing asthma showed that probiotics didn’t statistically decease the incidence of asthma (RR=0.76, 95%CI 0.47 to 1.22, P=0.25) and asthma-like wheezing (RR=0.92, 95%CI 0.62 to 1.39, P=0.71) compared with placebo. The Meta-analyses on treating asthma indicated that probiotics could prolong free episodes of asthma (RR=1.48, 95%CI 1.20 to 1.76, Plt;0.000 1) in comparison with placebo. No severe adverse events were found in all included studies. Conclusion The present evidence is not b enough to prove that probiotics is effective to prevent asthma, but it may prolong free episodes of asthma. Although it seems to have the effect on improving lung function, it fails to reduce the acute onset of asthma and has no have the advantage of improving immune function.
ObjectiveTo analyze the incidence and risk factors of tuberculosis in the city of Mianyang based on data from active cases.MethodsFrom March 2018 to April 2019, 199 182 residents were selected for the study. Data were collected using a questionnaire, digital radiography (DR), physical examination and laboratory tests. The incidence of tuberculosis was estimated, and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with the disease.ResultsThroughout the process, 103 residents were diagnosed with active tuberculosis, corresponding to an incidence of 51.71 per 100 000. Risk of tuberculosis was significantly higher among individuals who were over age 60 (OR=1.74, 95%CI 1.11 to 2.73, P=0.02), males (OR=4.39, 95%CI 2.74 to 7.04, P<0.001), medical workers (OR=11.18, 95%CI 2.99 to 41.84, P<0.001), and those with a history of tuberculosis (OR=16.43, 95%CI 8.10 to 33.33, P<0.001). Conversely, individuals with higher levels of education were associated with lower risk of tuberculosis: compared to those with primary school or less, those with a junior high school education had an OR of 0.53 (95%CI 0.30 to 0.88, P=0.02); high school/technical school had an OR of 0.36 (95%CI 0.15 to 0.92, P=0.03); junior college or above had an OR of 0.23 (95%CI 0.06 to 0.88, P=0.04).ConclusionsAnalyzing tuberculosis epidemiology based on active cases can help detect the disease as well as control or even prevent epidemics. Individuals who are more senior, males, medical workers, with a history of tuberculosis, and those with lower levels of education may be at higher risk of the disease. These results may improve screening efforts and allow timely intervention.