Objective To assess the efficiency of iodised salt on iodine deficiency disorders. Methods we searched MEDLINE (1996 to December 2009), EMbase (1974 to December 2009), The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2009), Current Controlled Trials, The National Research Register, CBM (1983 to December 2009) and CNKI (1994 to December 2009), and traced the literature of the reference. The included objects were the resident of the iodine deficiency area and the age, the race. The sex was not limited. The fortified salt and the iodized salt effects were compared and the research quality was evaluated. Meta-analyses were conducted by the RevMan5.0 software. Results Eight studies involving 1 503 people were included. The goiter prevalence of the fortified salt which combined iodine with iron was lower than that of iodised salt [MD=1.22, 95%CI (0.90, 1.54)]. So was the thyroid gland volume [OR=1.88, 95%CI(1.01, 3.47)]. But the fortified salt which combined iodine with VA did not show this. Conclusion The fortified salt and the iodized salt can obviously improve the iodine nutritional status of people. The fortified salt has enhanced the effect while the iodized salt prevents iodine deficiency disorders, but more high grade randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm this.
Objective To explore the possibility of constructing tissue engineered cartilage complex three-dimensional nano-scaffold with collagen type II and hyaluronic acid (HA) by electrospinning. Methods The three-dimensional porous nano-scaffolds were prepared by electrospinning techniques with collagen type II and HA (8 ∶ 1, W ∶ W), which was dissolved in mixed solvent of 3-trifluoroethanol and water (1 ∶ 1, V ∶ V). The morphology were observed by light microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM). And the porosity, water absorption rate, contact angle, and degradation rate were detected. Chondrocytes were harvested from 1-week-old Japanese white rabbit, which was disgested by 0.25% trypsin 30 minutes and 1% collagenase overlight. The passage 2 chondrocytes were seeded on the nano-scaffold. The cell adhesion and proliferation were evaluated by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8). The cell-scaffold composites were cultured for 2 weeks in vitro, and the biological morphology and extracelluar matrix (ECM) secretion were observed by histological analysis. Results The optimal electrospinning condition of nano-scaffold was 10% electrospinning solution concentration, 10 cm receiver distance, 5 mL/ h spinning injection speed. The scaffold had uniform diameter and good porosity through the light microscope and SEM. The diameter was 300-600 nm, and the porosity was 89.5% ± 25.0%. The contact angle was (35.6 ± 3.4)°, and the water absorption was 1 120% ± 34% at 24 hours, which indicated excellent hydrophilicity. The degradation rate was 42.24% ± 1.51% at 48 days. CCK-8 results showed that the adhesive rate of cells with scaffold was 169.14% ± 11.26% at 12 hours, and the cell survival rate was 126.03% ± 4.54% at 7 days. The histological and immunohistochemical staining results showed that the chondrocytes could grow well on the scaffold and secreted ECM. And the similar cartilage lacuma structure could be found at 2 weeks after co-culture, which suggested that hyaline cartilage formed. Conclusion The collage type II and HA complex three-dimensional nano-scaffold has good physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, so it can be used as a tissue engineered cartilage scaffold.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness of epidermal growth factor receptor antagonist (AG-1478) on chronic proliferative cholangitis (CPC), so as to investigate new treatment approach for hepatolithiasis associated with CPC. MethodsForty-six SD rats were divided into 5 groups: CPC model group (n=10), only made models. AG-1478 treatment group (divided into 3 mg/kg， 6 mg/kg， and 12 mg/kg groups, n=10 per group), the common bile ducts in CPC animal model received an intralumenal administration of AG-1478 at the meantime of modeling, followed by intraperitoneal AG-1478 injection of 1.5 mg/(kg·d) for 7 days. Sham operation group (SO group, n=6). Subsequently, histopathological observation, immunohistochemistry, real time PCR， and Western blot were used to evaluate the mRNA expression and influence of AG-1478 on the hyperplasia （EGFR， ki-67， BrdU， collagen Ⅰ protein） and lithogenic potential (Mucin 5AC) of CPC. ResultsCompared with CPC model group, the expressions of EGFR, ki-67， and BrdU were obviously decreased in the AG-1478 treatment group. Also, the inhibition of hyperplasia of biliary epithelium and collagen fibers were confirmed by histopathological observation. Additionally, the expressions of Mucin 5AC mRNA and collagen Ⅰ protein remarkable decreased in the AG-1478 treatment group (Plt;0.05). Conclusions EGFR inhibitor (AG-1478) could shows inhibitory effectivenss on the CPC-mediated hyperplasia and lithogenic potential, and therefore holds promise as the new treatment approach for CPC.
ObjectiveTo explore the effect of laparoscopic hepatectomy in patients with complex hepatolithiasis.MethodsThe clinical data of 31 patients with complex hepatolithiasis treated by laparoscopic hepatectomy in our hospital from January 2015 to September 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the effect was followed up.ResultsTwo cases were converted to open surgery, and the remaining 29 cases successfully completed laparoscopic surgery. The operative time of 31 patients was 185–490 min (260±106) min; the intraoperative bleeding volume was 200–1 300 mL (491±225) mL; the time of hepatic blood flow occlusion was 20–45 min (29±18) min; the time of choledochoscopy was 10–50 min (28±15) min. The scope of hepatectomy includes: Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅵ, and Ⅶ in 14 cases, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ,Ⅵ, and Ⅶ in 8 cases, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ, and Ⅶ in 3 cases, Ⅳ, Ⅴ, and Ⅷ in 3 cases, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ, Ⅵ, Ⅶ, and Ⅷ in 2 cases, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, Ⅵ, and Ⅶ in 1 case. The postoperative anal exhaust time was 24–73 h (41.8±15.2) h; postoperative feeding time was 14–23 h, median feeding time was 19 h; postoperative ambulation time was 15–46 h, median ambulation time was 27 h; postoperative drainage tube extraction time was 3–14 d, median drainage tube extraction time was 5 d; postoperative hospitalization time was 6–15 d, median postoperative hospitalization time was 9 d. Twenty-seven patients were followed up for 7 to 63 months, with a median follow-up time of 25 months. The incidence of complications was 19.4% (6/31), according to Claviein classification, there were 2 cases in grade Ⅰ (6.5%), 1 case in grade Ⅱ (3.2%), 3 cases in grade Ⅲa (9.7%).ConclusionLaparoscopic hepatectomy is safe and feasible for the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis, which is performed by a skilled hepatobiliary surgeon.