Objective To investigate the relation between gaseous signal molecule hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and diseases. Methods Literatures about the advancement of H2S were reviewed and analyzed. Results H2S is recognized as a novel gaseous signal molecule. By acting specially on ＫATPchannels, H2S can relax smooth muscle cells to regulate blood pressure.It even plays an important roles in pulmonary hypertension, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neurotransmission， apoptosis and inflammatory reaction. Conclusion H2S has been regarded as the third gaseous signal molecule， which exerts many physiological and pathological effects on mammals, and will pave way for development of new drugs and provide therapeutic intervention for various diseases.
Objective To explore the feasibility of tissue-engineered heart valve （TEHV） reconstructed on acellularized porcine aortic valve and rabbit bone marrow stromal cells （BMSCs） in vitro. Methods Acellularized was performed in porcine aortic valve by the detergent and enzymatic extraction process . Morphological and biomechanical properties were compared between the decellularized scaffolds and the fresh valves. Rabbit BMSCs were seeded on the scaffolds. The TEHV were analyzed by light microscopy, electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry. Results Almost complete removal of the cellular components and soluble protein of valves were observed , while the construction of matrix was properly maintained. Biomechanical tests demonstrated no statistically significant change in the breaking intensity （642 ± 102 g/mm2 vs. 636 ± 127g/mm2） and breaking extensibility （62. 2%± 18. 1% vs. 54. 4%±16. 0%） in the porcine values before and after decellularization. Subsequent seeding with rabbit BMSCs on the matrix was so successful that the surface of the scaffold had been covered with a continuous monolayer cells through light microscopy and electron microscopy. Positive of α-smooth muscle actin and negative of CD31 were observed after rabbit BMSCs seeded on the matrix through immunohistochemistry. Conclusion It is feasible to reconstruct TEHV in vitro on acellularized porcine aortic valve scaffold and rabbit BMSCs.
The engineered heart tissues (EHTs) is regarded as a hope for myocardial repair and regeneration. But a series of " bottleneck” problems, such as vascularization, hinder their clinical translation. This review focuses on the strategies to vascularization of EHTs and encourages the emergence of novel EHTs that can meet clinic requirement properly.
With the development of molecular and cellar cardiology, gene therapy to cardiovascular disease has become the hot spot and the direction of study. Now, preclinical studies on ultrasound-mediated gene delivery (UMGD) in cardiovascular disease have achieved some success, but it is still hindered by a series of practical challenges for clinical translation. Even so, UMGD still holds the promise to cardiovascular disease in gene therapy for its non-invasiveness, accuracy, safety and ability to deliver multiple genes with repeated deliveries. In this review, we will focus on the basic principle, the current development, the future prospect and drawbacks of UMGD in the therapeutic applications of cardiovascular disease.
Objective To observe the impact of collagen patches using 1-ethyl-3- （3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbod-iimide hydrochloride chemistry （EDC） to conjugate vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） ＋ basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） or VEGF alone on the survival rate of transplanted human bone morrow mesenchymal stem cells （hBM-MSCs）in vitro and in vivo. Methods Collagen patches which were activated by EDC were used as the control group，and EDC activated collagen patches that were conjugated with VEGF or VEGF ＋ bFGF were used as the experiment groups（VEGF group and VEGF ＋ bFGF group）. hBM-MSCs （0.5×106/patch） were used as seeding cells to construct engineered heart tissue （EHT）. MTT assay was performed to assess in vitro proliferation of hBM-MSCs on 3 different collagen patches. Ventricular aneurysm model after myocardial infarction was created by left anterior descending artery （LAD） ligation in male SD rats，and EHT which were constructed with 3 different patches were used for ventricular plasty. Four weeks later，immunofluorescence staining was used to examine arteriole density （anti-α-SMA staining） and transplanted cell survival （anti-h-mitochondria staining）. Results （1） hMSCs proliferation in VEGF group and VEGF ＋ bFGF group was significantly better than that in the control group on the 2nd and 4th day after cell transplantation （P＜0.05）； （2） Four weeks afterEHT implantation，immunofluorescence staining for α-SMA revealed that arteriole density of VEGF group and VEGF ＋ bFGF group was significantly higher than that of the control group （P＜0.05）； （3） Immunofluorescence staining forh-mitochondria showed that survival rates of transplanted hBM-MSCs of VEGF group and VEGF ＋ bFGF group were significantly higher than that of the control group （P＜0.05）； （4） There was a significantly positive correlation between survival rate of hBM-MSCs and arteriole density （r 2=0.99，P=0.02）. Conclusion VEGF or VEGF ＋ bFGF conjugated collagen patch can significantly improve hBM-MSCs proliferation in vitro and enhance survival rate of transplanted hBM-MSCs by accelerating revascularization of EHT in vivo.
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of animal model of the reconstruction of right ventricular outflow tract in rats.MethodsA total of 15 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats underwent right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction surgery. Before the operation, the collagen scaffolds were treated with g 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride chemistry (EDC), and seeded with human bone marrow stem cells (h-MSCs). Three days after the surgery, 3 rats were randomly sacrificed to evaluate the transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract. One or 3 months later, other 3 rats at each timepoint were sacrificed, stained with Masson’s Trichrome to observe the degradation of scaffold. Furthermore, 4 weeks after the surgery, 4 rats were sacrificed and the hearts were sliced. Anti-human mitochondria staining was used to identify the survival of seeding cells.ResultsThe transmural resection of right ventricular outflow tract was feasible in rats at an acceptable mortality (13.3%). After EDC treatment, the degradation rate of collagen scaffold was extended greatly. The seeding cells were detected by anti-mitochandria immunofluorescent staining in all patches 4 weeks after the operation.ConclusionRat model of right ventricular outflow tract reconstruction could be a stable, reliable and economical screening model for engineered heart tissue research.
ObjectiveTo summarize the protective effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-beta (PPAR-β) in sepsis-induced liver injury and the mechanism, and to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of sepsis-induced liver injury.MethodRelevant literatures about protective effect of PPAR-β in sepsis-induced liver injury were collected and reviewed.ResultsPPAR-β played an important role in cell survival, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidation. It acted on a variety of pathophysiological processes, could reduce the activation of inflammatory factors, reduce the production of oxygen free radicals, and inhibit the expression of apoptotic proteins, as well as played an important role in anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and anti-apoptotic.ConclusionPPAR-β can inhibit the activation of NF-κB, reduce the release of inflammatory factors, reduce apoptosis, and reduce liver injury by antioxidation, thereby reducing the mortality of sepsis-induced liver injury.