ObjectiveTo compile the information overload severity scale in the situation of coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic, and evaluate the reliability and validity.MethodsFrom February to March 2020, according to the procedures of literature analysis, semi-structured interview, and expert consultation, an initial scale was formed; and then the online scale was measured, and the scale items were screened based on the measured results of the scale. The reliability was evaluated by Cronbach’s α coefficient, and the validity was tested by exploratory factor analysis.ResultsThere were 8 items in the initial scale. The scale items were screened based on the degree of dispersion, the correlation coefficient with the total score, and the factor-load-related indicators, and finally a 7-item scale was formed. The factor analysis results of the scale showed that one component could be extracted from the scale, and the reliability analysis showed that the total Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0.863.ConclusionThe information overload severity scale has good reliability and validity, which can provide strong support for related research after the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 and other major public events.
Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness and adverse event of preventive medicine for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and provide clinical data for designing prospective clinical trial. Method Retrospective study on medical staffs, that were exposed to SARS patients, was conducted in two main SARS designated hospitals to obtain information such as SARS exposure risk and preventive measures (medical and others). According to the type of preventive medicine, they were assigned to earthworm’s nucleases and protease (ENP) group, interferon group and blank control group respectively. Exposure risk, suspected sub-clinical infection rate and adverse event rate were compared between the three groups. Results Non-medical preventive measures used in each group were consistent, but the exposure intensity to risk factors between groups was statistically different, which biased the evaluation of clinical effectiveness of preventive medicine. The rate of suspected sub-clinical infection in earthworm’s nucleases and protease (ENP) group, interferon group and control group were 4.5%, 4.5%, and 9.9% (Pgt;0.05), respectively; and adverse event rate were 19.6%, 13.6% (Pgt;0.05), and 0%, respectively. Conclusions Suspected sub2clinical infection rate in ENP group, interferon (INF) group were lower than that in control group, which indicated that these two medicines might be effective in preventing SARS. Adverse event rate in ENP group was similar to that of interferon group, and the symptoms were mild in both groups, which was in accordance with the result of in vitro experiments. ENP spray is a kind of biological preparation; further purification may reduce its adverse event rate. However, because there had excessive confounding factors, especially because of the unequal of exposure risk between three groups, the results of this study can only provide insights to design prospective clinical trial in the future.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Medicated γ-IUD compared with other IUDs for contraception. Methods CBMdisc （1986 -2005）, VIP （1989 -2005） , CNKI （1994-2005） , The Cochrane Library （Issue 4, 2005 ） and 10 related journals were searched for randomized controlled trials （R.CTs） and quasi-randomized controlled trials （quasi-RCTs） on the comparison between γ-IUD and other IUDs. The quality of included trials was critically appraised. RevMan 4.2.8 software was used for statistical analysis. Results Ten published studies with 8 381 participants were included. The results of meta-analysis were expressed with Peto OR （ cumulative pregnancy rate, cumulative expulsion rate, cumulative rate of removing for medical reasons） or OIL （ cumulative continuation rate ） and 95% CI. Compared with MSSR-165, Medicated γ-25,200 resulted in lower pregnancy rate at 1, 2, 3 years of follow-up [ with the OR （95% CI） 0. 31 （0.15,0.64） , 0. 31 （0. 17,0.54） , 0. 31 （0.19,0. 51） , respectively], lower cumulative expulsion rate in5 year follow-up [0.26 （0.17,0.40）, 0.28 （0.20,0.41）, 0.30 （0.21,0.42）, 0.29 （0.19,0.44）, 0.32 （0.21, 0. 48 ）, respectively], lower cumulative rate of removing for medical reasons.after 4 year follow-up [0.57 （0.36,0. 92 ） ], and higher rate of cunmlative continuation in 5 years of follow-up 13.35 （ 2.29,4.89 ） , 2.76 （ 2.06,3, 69 ） , 2.41 （1.89,3.08）, 2.22 （1.69,2.91）, 1.99 （1.55,2.55）, respectively]. Compared with TCu220, Medicated γ-25,200 resulted in lower cumulative pregnancy rate after follow-up 2, 3 years [ 0.46 （0.25 ,0.87 ） ; 0.48 （0.27,0. 85 ） ], lower cumulative expulsion rate after 1 year follow-up [ 0. 58 （0.35,0.97） ] , lower cumulative rate of being removed for medical reasons in5 year follow-up [0.37 （0.23,0.59）, 0.38 （0.26,0.56）, 0.45 （0.32,0.64）, 0.47 （0.30,0.73）, 0.58 （0.39,0.87）, respectively ] and higher rate of cumulative continuation in 5 years of follow-up [ 2. 15 （ 1.61,2.87 ）, 2.02 （ 1.56,2.63）, 1.72 （ 1.34,2.20）, 1.44 （ 1.08,1.91 ）, 1, 39 （ 1.07,1.80）, respectively]. Compared with Uterus-Cu, Medicated γ-25,200 resulted in higher rate of cumulative continuation after follow-up 1 year [ 0.51 （0.34, 0.77） ]. Compared with MLCu375, Medicated γ-25,200 resulted in lower cumulative rate of being removed for medical reasons and higher rate of cumulative continuation after follow-up for 3 years [ 0. 22 （0.09,0.52） , 2.84 （ 1.64,4. 94 ）]. Compared with TCu380A, Medicated γ-25, 200 resulted in lower cumulative rate of being removed for medical reasons and higher rate of cumulative continuation in follow-up for 2 years [ 0.36 （ 0.18,0.73 ）, 0.29 （ 0. 12,0.70 ） ; 3.06 （ 1.72,5.44）, 3.61 （1.75,7.47） ]. Conclusions Available evidence shows that Medicated γ-IUD has better or equal effectiveness when compared with other IUDs. However, more RCTs with high quality and longer follow up period are needed to confirm the conclusion.