Objective To investigate the etiological and clinical characteristics of 1298 cases with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted to investigate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 1298 patients who suffered from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and were hospitalized in Neurology Dept. of Anhui Provincial Hospital from 2005 to 2009. Results Among 1 298 patients, 822 (63.33%) were male while 476 (36.67%) were female. The constituent ratio of male and female patients was significantly different; the patients mainly suffered from spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in winter and spring which was commonly caused by hypertension accounting for 65.87% and was mostly happened on basal ganglia site (n=895, 68.95%). Conclusions The incidence of spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage is related with age, season and hypertension, it is very important to be prevented effectively and to well control the blood pressure.
目的 探讨含左氧氟沙星的三联疗法作为一线方案对幽门螺杆菌感染治疗的有效性和安全性。 方法 选择2008年9月－2011年3月125例确诊为幽门螺杆菌感染的初治患者，随机分为雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林联合左氧氟沙星组（A组）和雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林联合克拉霉素组（B组），经治疗7 d后比较两组根除率和不良反应发生率。 结果 A、B组幽门螺杆菌符合方案分析根除率分别为91.8%、77.6%，意向性治疗根除率分别为88.9%、72.6%，A组根除率高于B组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。A、B组不良反应发生率分别为4.8%、3.2%（P＞0.05）。 结论 以左氧氟沙星、阿莫西林、雷贝拉唑为组合的三联疗法能显著提高幽门螺杆菌感染的初治成功率，不良反应少，安全有效。
目的 探讨肝硬化腹水患者不同血清钠水平与病情严重程度的关系。 方法 回顾分析2008年7月－2010年6月收治47例肝硬化腹水并发低钠血症患者，根据其入院时血清钠水平分为低钠血症轻（A组）、中（B组）、重（C组）3组。比较肝硬化腹水患者不同血钠水平的腹水程度及疗效的关系、以及低钠程度与肝性脑病、肝肾综合征和死亡发生率的关系。 结果 与A组比较，B、C两组腹水量、肝性脑病、肝肾综合征及病死率明显增高，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；对治疗的效果明显降低（P＜0.05）。 结论 肝硬化腹水患者的血清钠水平与其病情程度具有紧密相关性，监测血清钠的水平可作为判断病情严重程度的重要指标之一，提示在临床上需重视预防、及时发现并治疗低钠血症。
【摘要】 目的 探讨含铋剂的四联疗法作为一线方案对幽门螺杆菌感染的有效性和安全性。 方法 选择2008年9月-2010年9月间137例确诊幽门螺杆菌感染的初治患者，随机分为RAC组（雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林和克拉霉素）和RBAC组（雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和枸橼酸铋钾）。经治疗7 d后比较两组根除率和不良反应发生率。 结果 RAC组和RBAC组的按方案分析根除率分别为77.6%和90.3%，意向性治疗分析根除率分别为72.6%和86.7%。RBAC组的按方案分析和意向性治疗分析根除率均高于RAC组（Plt;0.05）。不良反应发生率分别为1.6%和1.3%（Pgt;0.05）。 结论 以雷贝拉唑、阿莫西林、克拉霉素和枸橼酸铋钾为组合的四联疗法能显著提高幽门螺杆菌感染的初治成功率，不良反应少，安全有效。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of the quadruple therapy containing a bismuth compound for first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment. Methods A total of 137 patients diagnosed to be Helicobacter pylori-positive between September 2008 and September 2010 were randomized into two groups to receive the combination of rabeprazole, amoxicillin and clarithromycin (RAC group) and the combination of rabeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth potassinm citrate (RBAC group) respectively. The efficacy and tolerance were observed after the treatment for 7 days. Results The per protocol (PP) eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori were 86.7% for RAC group and 90.3% for RBAC group (Plt;0.05), respectively. The intention-to-treat protocol (ITT) eradication rates of Helicobacter pylori were 72.6% for RAC group and 86.7% for RBAC group (Plt;0.05), respectively. The was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two groups (1.6% vs. 1.3%, Pgt;0.05). Conclusion The quadruple therapy containing rabeprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin and bismuth potassinm citrate provides a good eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori with a good compliance when compared with the standard triple therapy schemes.
To further standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma, based on evidence-based medical evidence and expert opinion, Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology updated and published guideline of hepatocellular carcinoma. In this paper, the new guideline on the updating of medical treatment strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma was studied.
To explore the effects of plasma jet (PJ) and plasma activated water (PAW) on the sterilization of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and compare the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods, so as to provide a basis for plasma treatment of dental caries and to enrich the treatment means of dental caries, an atmospheric pressure plasma excitation system was built, and the effects of PJ and PAW on the sterilization rate of S. mutans and the changes of temperature and pH during treatment were studied under different excitation voltage (Ue) and different excitation time (te). The results showed that in the PJ treatment, the difference in the survival rate of S. mutans between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.007, d=2.66) when Ue = 7 kV and te = 60 s, and complete sterilization was achieved at Ue = 8 kV and te = 120 s in the PJ treatment. In contrast, in the PAW treatment, the difference in the survival rate of S. mutans between the treatment group and the control group was statistically significant (P = 0.029, d = 1.71) when Ue = 7 kV and te = 30 s, and complete sterilization was achieved with PAW treatment when Ue = 9 kV and te = 60 s. Results of the monitoring of temperature and pH showed that the maximum temperature rise during PJ and PAW treatment did not exceed 4.3 °C, while the pH value after PAW treatment would drop to a minimum of 3.02. In summary, the optimal sterilization parameters for PJ were Ue=8 kV and 90 s < te ≤ 120 s, while the optimal sterilization parameters for PAW were Ue = 9 kV and 30 s<te ≤ 60 s. Both treatment methods achieved non-thermal sterilization of S. mutans, where PJ required only a smaller Ue to achieve complete sterilization, while at pH < 4.7, PAW only required a shorter te to achieve complete sterilization, but its acidic environment could cause some chemical damage to the teeth. This study can provide some reference value for plasma treatment of dental caries.
ObjectiveTo explore the risk factors affecting occurrence of arteriosclerosis obliterans (ASO) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and to develop a nomogram predictive model using these risk factors. MethodsA case-control study was conducted. The patients with T2DM accompanied with ASO and those with T2DM alone, admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2017 to December 2022, were retrospectively collected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The basic characteristics, blood, thyroid hormones, and other relevant indicators of the paitents in two groups were compared. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors for the occurrence of ASO in the patients with T2DM, and then a nomogram predictive model was developed. ResultsThere were 119 patients with T2DM alone and 114 patients with T2DM accompanied with lower extremity ASO in this study. The significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of smoking history, white blood cell count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, platelet count, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), apolipoprotein α (Apoα), serum cystatin C, free-triiodothyronine (FT3), total triiodothyronine, FT3/total triiodothyronine ratio, fibrinogen (Fib), fibrinogen degradation products, and plasma D-dimer (P<0.05). Further the results of the multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the history of smoking, increased Fib level and SIRI value increased the probabilities of ASO occurrence in the patients with T2DM [OR (95%CI)=2.921 (1.023, 4.227), P=0.003; OR (95%CI)=2.641 (1.810, 4.327), P<0.001; OR (95%CI)=1.020 (1.004, 1.044), P=0.018], whereas higher levels of ApoA1 and FT3 were associated with reduced probabilities of ASO occurrence in the patients with T2DM [OR (95%CI)=0.231 (0.054, 0.782), P=0.021; OR (95%CI)=0.503 (0.352, 0.809), P=0.002]. The nomogram predictive model based on these factors demonstrated a good discrimination for predicting the ASO occurrence in the T2DM patients [area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95%CI)=0.788 (0.730, 0.846)]. The predicted curve closely matched the ideal curve (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test, χ2=5.952, P=0.653). The clinical decision analysis curve showed that the clinical net benefit of intervention based on the nomogram model was higher within a threshold probability range of 0.18 to 0.80 compared to no intervention or universal intervention. ConclusionsThe analysis results indicate that T2DM patients with a smoking history, elevated Fib level and SIRI value, as well as decreased ApoA1 and FT3 levels should be closely monitored for ASO risk. The nomogram predictive model based on these features has a good discriminatory power for ASO occurrence in T2DM patients, though its value warrants further investigation.