Objective To evaluate the level of nursing professional competence of fulltime system graduated nurses in Sichuan province and determine its influencing factors, so as to provide references for nursing high-education reform and nursing human resource management. Methods With a self-designed questionnaire and stratified cluster sample method, both graduated nurses and their direct nursing managers were investigated and asked to evaluate nursing professional competence. Results The mean scores of nursing professional competence of the nurses’ self-evaluation and their managers’ evaluation were 69.90±10.27 and 68.96±11.33, respectively. Factors influencing nursing professional competence included individual interest in nursing, graduated institution, working position, and training provided by employer. Conclusion The professional competence of the nurses graduated with full-time bachelors of clinical nursing in Sichuan province is close to the intermediate level, and it still needs to be improved on the whole, especially in the aspects of nursing research and management. Besides, nursing institutions should further enhance the construction of inner teaching environment and the professional thoughts education of nurse students, while the employer should offer more professional development opportunities, so as to improve the professional self-identity and competence, and to finally lay the talent foundation for the development of nursing disciplines.
Objective To evaluate the level of nursing competence of clinical nurses and determine its influencing factors so as to provide scientific information for nursing human resource management. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 1 042 nurses from 8 hospitals by using the Nursing Competence Scale. Results The mean score of nursing competence was 73.99±9.81. Factors influencing the nursing competence included personal interest in nursing, working experience, working position, educational background, hospital level, teaching activities and marital status. Conclusion The surveyed clinical nurses have been equipped with basic nursing competence, however, still needs to be improved. The nursing human resource management should be based on nurses’ competence.
目的 总结多导睡眠监测的监测方法及护理要点。 方法 2010年3月－2011年3月采用美国伟康多导睡眠呼吸监测仪对睡眠中心78例患者进行不少于7 h的整夜连续监测和护理。 结果 76例患者顺利完成监测，确诊阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征73例（重度17例，中度31例，轻度25例），单纯鼾症3例。1例因环境陌生、导联多无法入睡而监测失败，另1例因鼻气流导管脱落而监测失败。 结论 对症有效的护理方法是多导睡眠监测得以顺利完成的根本保证。
【摘要】 目的 了解结直肠癌患者术后发生抑郁、焦虑状况，分析其影响因素。 方法 2010年1-3月，采用Zung抑郁自评量表（SDS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）和一般资料调查问卷，结合病历资料及心理评估，对64例结直肠癌术后患者进行测评，采用SPSS 13.0软件对数据进行统计分析。 结果 64例患者SDS（47.02±10.38）分，SAS评分（42.42±7.96）分，均高于国内常模（Plt;0.001）。抑郁和焦虑发生率分别为42.2%、20.3%。造口患者抑郁得分高于非造口患者（P=0.004），Miles术患者抑郁得分高于非造瘘根治术患者（P=0.039），姑息术患者抑郁得分高于非造瘘根治术患者（P=0.007）；家庭月收入≤1 000元者抑郁得分高于1 001~3 000元及gt;3 000元者（P=0.040，0.017）。不同情况患者焦虑得分差异无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05）。SDS与SAS呈正相关（Plt;0.001）。 结论 结直肠癌术后患者存在不同程度的抑郁和焦虑。护理人员尤其应关注造口术后、晚期患者及收入低下患者，并进行针对性健康教育和心理干预。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the postoperative anxiety and depression of patients with colorectal cancer and investigate its related factors. Methods From January to March 2010, 64 patients who were diagnosed to have colorectal cancer and received therapeutic operations were investigated with self-rating depressive scale (SDS), self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-made related questionnaire respectively. Psychological assessment and medical records gathering were also carried out. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results The total score of SDS (47.02±10.38) and SAS (42.42±7.96) of the 64 patients were both higher than those of the general population (Plt;0.001). The incidence rate of depression and anxiety was 42.2% and 20.3% respectively. Patients without stoma had lower SDS scores than those with stoma (P=0.004); patients undergoing Miles operation had higher SDS scores than those receiving non-fistula formation radical operations (P=0.039); patients receiving palliative treatment had higher SDS scores than those receiving non-fistula formation radical operations (P=0.007); patients with family monthly income less than 1 000 RMB had higher SDS scores than those with more than 3 000 RMB and between 1 001-3 000 RMB (P=0.017, 0.040). SAS scores among different patients were not significantly different (Pgt;0.05). SDS had positive correlation with SAS (Plt;0.001). Conclusions Patients with colorectal cancer have higher emotions of anxiety and depression after operation than those in the general population. It is suggested that more psychological consultation, treatment and nursing should be carried out to promote the overall physical and mental rehabilitation of the patients, especially for those having undergone stoma formation, late-stage patients and those with a low income.
Objective To explore the certification management of specialty nurses in China based on the existent problems to provide evidence for practice and decision making for management of the specialty nurses. Methods The modified Delphi technique was applied in this study from July to December 2017. A structured consultation questionnaire based on expert interview and literature review was designed, and modified after preliminary experiment. Then the questionnaires were delivered to 32 nurse experts to complete 3 rounds of Delphi process, which reached consensus gradually. Results The response rates of three round consultations were 96.9% (31/32), 100.0% (31/31), and 96.8% (30/31), respectively. The suggestion rates were 25.8% (8/31), 16.1% (5/31), 0% (0/31), respectively. The familiar coefficient, adjustment coefficient and authority coefficient was 0.82, 0.87 and 0.85, respectively. The experts had the agreement finally for all of the 16 items in the consultation questionnaire, and they formed an expert opinion draft on specialty nurse certification and registration. Conclusion It’s crucial and essential to establish a certification and registration system in China and renew the credentials regularly to promote the management and construction of specialty nurse team.
Objective To explore the effects of the centralized management of bed use in a large-scale integrated hospital. Methods We selected the staff with good quality for centre work after setting up the bed use centralized management centre in the West China Hospital. Then, we formulated unified an admission principle and incorporated it into the systematic management and control, made a short instructional video for rolling show in the centre so as to let the patient know basic conditions of this hospital before admission; and regulated the admission process for patients’ convenience. Results After more than one year, the centre simplified the in-patient admission procedures, regulated the process, saved nursing manpower (24 persons), and increased patients’ satisfaction (from 89.30% to 93.25%). Meanwhile, the bed use rate was increased and the average length of stay was shortened the to some extent, which improved the order in wards. Conclusion Unified bed use management centre established in large-scale integrated hospitals, can save nursing manpower, simplify the admission process of patients, and meet the need for the development of hospitals, which is worthy of promoting application.
During the medical rescue of Wenchuan earthquake, the Nursing Department of West China Hospital of Sichuan University immediately initiated the emergency response plan, reasonably dispatched nurses of the medical teams from West China Hospital, other provinces and foreign countries. Meanwhile, the Nursing Department set up the medical team for emergency treatment, provided the basic information of the wounded, established the flow of rapid registration and rapid preview, formulated and optimized the flow of the admission of the wounded, and improved the flow of information-collecting. What’s more, the nursing department adjusted the current work according to the situation of hospitalization of the wounded in different stages to ensure the efficient running of medical rescue. Moreover, the routine nursing practice was also maintained and none of the inpatients other than those from the disaster area got involved in any unexpected accident.
Objective To survey the knowledge of hand hygiene among nurses and to identify factors influencing the performance of hand hygiene.Methods A questionnaire of hand hygiene developed according to the Guideline for Hand Hygiene in Health Care Settings was used to investigate nurses’ knowledge about hand hygiene.Results The average score for nurses’ knowledge about hand hygiene was 18.59±2.19 out of a possible maximum score of 21. Knowledge about hand hygiene among nurses varied significantly in different departments (P=0.004). The main self-reported factors influencing the performance of hand hygiene were irritation and dryness caused by hand-washing agents (73.44%) and busy workload (65.53%).Conclusions Nurses generally have good knowledge about hand hygiene but are less aware of some hand hygiene indications. Effective measures are needed to improve compliance with hand hygiene among nurses.
【摘要】 目的 探讨密闭式吸痰和开放式吸痰两种方式对预防心胸外科术后机械通气患者呼吸道感染的效果。 方法 2009年9月－2010年8月，将86例心胸外科术后机械通气患者随机分为两组，试验组应用密闭式吸痰法，对照组采用开放式吸痰法。观察两组患者术后机械通气治疗即刻及至拔出气管插管后48 h内每日痰培养结果、每4小时监测一次体温、血常规检查及胸片结果、呼吸机相关性肺炎（ventilator associated pneumonia，VAP）发生情况。 结果 两组患者在年龄、性别、病种方面差异均无统计学意义（Pgt;0.05），但痰培养结果阳性率、VAP发生率差异均有统计学意义（Plt;0.05）。两组发生VAP患者的痰培养病原菌检出情况:试验组均为G-菌；对照组以G-菌为主，余者为真菌-白色念珠菌。 结论 密闭式吸痰法预防心胸外科术后机械通气患者呼吸道感染效果较开放式吸痰法好。G-菌和真菌-白色念珠菌耐药性强，治疗难度大，临床中应重视呼吸道感染的预防。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the effects of closed endotracheal suctioning (CS) and open endotracheal suctioning (OS) on the prevention of respiratory tract infection in mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery. Methods From September 2009 to August 2010, 86 mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups. CS and OS were provided for patients in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. The sputum culture result, body temperature every four hours, blood routine examination and chest X-ray result, and the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) were observed and compared between the two groups at the admission to the ICU and once a day thereafter. Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in sex, age, or kinds of diseases (Pgt;0.05). There were significant differences between the two groups in the positive rate of sputum culture results and the incidence of VAP (Plt;0.05). The pathogens isolation in sputum culture of VAP patients were all Gram-negative bacteria in the experimental group, and mainly Gram-negative bacteria followed by fungi-Blastomyces albicans in the control group. Conclusions CS is more effective than OS in the prevention of respiratory tract infection in mechanically ventilated patients after cardiac surgery. The drug resistance of Gram-negative bacteria and fungi-Blastomyces albicans is b, and the treatments of those bacteria are difficult. Thereafter, we should pay more attention to the prevention of respiratory tract infection.
目的：调查规范化护士培训质量，了解受训护士对培训工作的感受及需求。方法：采取自制问卷，分20个条目对接受规范化培训的320名护士进行问卷调查。采用5级评分法进行质量评价。结果：医院30个科室培训质量平均得分为82.9分，在调查条目中得分最高的前三位分别是：科室护士长支持、临床护理老师的专业基础理论和专科护理理论方面(得分：4.48、4.44、4.34)。得分最低的后三位分别是：培训科室其他护理老师的教学意识、临床护理老师因材施教和带教老师对学员工作的及时肯定(得分：3.55、3.75、3.88)。结论：医院护士规范化培训管理工作有待进一步完善和加强，护士规范化培训对新进护理人员专业能力培养具有积极的促进作用。加强护理部对临床科室护士培训的规范化管理，强化科室护理人员教育意识和教学能力是保证科室规范化护士培训质量的关键。