Anomalous left coronary artery from pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart disease which can induce heart failure in the early period and finally results in death. Surgery is the only way to correct the malformation. Surgical advances and heart assist devices such as extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) widespreadly used recently achieve good clinical outcome. However, there exists a dispute about the indications and pattern of operation. The outcome of long-term follow-up is not good. This article reviewed the researches about ALCAPA in terms of operative pattern, the operative pattern and long-term complications.
Hemoptysis is a common respiratory emergency, and severe cases can lead to death. Patients with massive hemoptysis need emergency management at the bedside, and fully evaluation for indications and timing of tracheal intubation and transtracheal intervention. When a relatively stable state is achieved, emergency vascular intervention is performed to stop bleeding. CT plays an important role in the risk assessment and interventional treatment of hemoptysis, and it is worthy of clinical promotion and more exploratory research. This article introduces the emergency treatment for massive hemoptysis, the vascular interventional procedure, the exploration of clinical application of preoperative CT, and the clinical application value of CT for hemoptysis risk assessment. It aims to provide a better way to deal with massive hemoptysis and to apply CT to the interventional treatment of hemoptysis more reasonably for clinicians.