Autologous blood patch pleurodesis (ABPP) was first proposed in 1987. Now it is mainly used to treat intractable pneumothorax and persistent pneumothorax after pneumonectomy, and also used to treat pneumothorax in children and other rare secondary pneumothorax. Persistent air leakage and pneumothorax of various causes are essentially alveolar pleural fistula. It can usually be treated by closed thoracic drainage, continuous negative pressure suction and surgery. Pleurodesis is a safe and effective alternative to surgery for patients who have failed conventional conservative treatment and can not be operated. Compared with other pleurodesis adhesives, using autologous blood (ABPP) is safer and more effective, and it is simple, painless, cheap and easy to be accepted by patients. But in the domestic and foreign researches in recent years, many details of ABPP treatment have not been standardized. For further research and popularization, this article reviews the detailed regulations, efficacy and safety of ABPP.