Objective To investigate the application of abdominal aorta and bilateral abdominal perineal artery ligation in a hindlimb ischemia model of rats for research. Methods According to the random digits table, 38 SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly, sham operation group (SO group, n=12), abdominal aorta ligation group (AAL group, n=12) and abdominal aorta and bilateral abdominal perineal artery ligation group (AAL+BAPA group, n=14). Rats were anesthetized by 6 mg/100 g ketamine via intraperitoneal injection. Blood vessels were ligated via laparotomy according to different procedures. Movement and pale skin color of rat’s hindlimb were observed on 2 and 4 weeks after operation, meanwhile venous blood from unilateral iliac vein was obtained for blood gas analysis and hindlimb skeletal muscle for HE stain. Results Two rats were dead during 3 d after operation in AAL+BAPA group, other rats survived. Rats in SO group had no obviously abnormal appearance. AAL group and AAL+BAPA group immediately presented hindlimbs pale, lower skin temperature, hypofrontality of limb motion after procedure. Symptoms above mentioned had improved gradually after 2 weeks and completely recuperated 4 weeks after operation in AAL group. Ischemia symptoms were still remained obviously such as cold, dried and thin on the 4th weekend in AAL+BAPA group. Each group had no hindlimbs necrosis. Two weeks after operation, pale limbs and muscle strength in AAL+BAPA group were more severe than those of SO group (Plt;0.05); Pale limbs was still worse than that of AAL group on 4 weeks after operation (Plt;0.05). There were no significant differences on different time in each group (Pgt;0.05). Venous blood partial pressure of oxygen of AAL+PABA group was significantly lower than that of the other two groups on 2 and 4 weeks after operation (Plt;0.05). Normal striated muscle structure was presented in SO group pathologically. AAL group revealed coloretur unevenness, swelling and distension, muscle cellular transverse striation elimination, skeletal muscle cell nucleolus deeply stained on the 2nd weekend and no difference with the SO group on the 4th weekend. AAL+BAPA group presented skeletal muscles decoration unevenness, cells swelling and distension, muscle cellular transverse striation elimination, skeletal muscle cell nucleolus stained deeply and intensively, intercellular space widening until the 4th weekend， but no obviously necrocytosis. Conclusion The method of ligating abdominal aorta and bilateral abdominal perineal artery can make a stable SD rat model of hindlimb ischemia