【摘要】 目的 探讨老年糖尿病患者合并脑梗死的临床特点及相关危险因素。 方法 回顾分析2008年7月-2009年7月收治的96例老年糖尿病合并脑梗死患者（A组）及116例老年非糖尿病脑梗死（B组）的临床资料，比较两组患者临床症状、体重指数（BMI）、总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）、纤维蛋白原（FIB）水平及头颅CT结果等。 结果 A组与B组相比，BMI，TC、TG、LDL及FIB水平明显增高，而HDL降低，颅内病灶直径多较小，数目较多。 结论 老年糖尿病患者合并高BMI、TC、TG、LDL及低HDL脑梗死的危险性较高，且以多发腔隙性脑梗死多见。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the clinical features and risk factors of the cerebral infarction in elder diabetic patients. Methods The clinical data of 96 (group A) and 116 (group B) elder patients with and without diabetes mellitus treated in our hospital due to cerebral infarction from July 2008 to July 2009 were retrospectively anlalyzed. The differences in clinical symptoms, body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), fibrinogen (FIB) and the results of head CT between the two groups were compared. Results The levels of BMI, TC, TG, LDL, and FIB were obviously higher in group A than those in group B; HDL decreased, and the size and number of cerebral infarction was smaller and more in group A. Conclusion The elder diabetic patients with high BMI, TC, TG, and LDL and low HDL have a high risk of cerebral infarction, most commonly lacunar infarction.