Nucleus plasma ratio was measured and silver-binding nucleolar organizer (AgNORs) were counted in 31 cases of cholangiocarinoma (11 cases were well-differentiated, 10 case moderately differentiated and 10 cases poorly differentiated) and in 17 cases of atypical epithelial hyperplasia related to hepatolithiasis (9 cases were simple hyperplasia, 8 cases atypical epithelial hyperplasia) by AgNORs techique and image analysis.The results showed that mucleus plasma ratio and AgNORs counts increased significantly from well-differentiated to poorly differentiated cholangiocarcinoma (Ｐ＜0.01). No statistically significant differance was shown between nucleus plasma ratio of atypical hyperplasia and well-differentiated cholangiocarinoma.The data imply that chronic proliferative cholngitis in the presence of hepatolithiasis can progress to atypical epithelial hyperplasia which may be an important precursor of cholangiocarcinoma.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical risk factors of preterm infants and its severity in premature infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).MethodsRetrospective clinical study was performed. A total of 126 preterm infants with BPD in the Neonatal Department of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2016 to December 2018 were enrolled in the study. Among them, 69 were males and 57 were females, whose gestational age＜32 weeks and birth weight＜1500 g. BPD grades Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ were 63, 40, and 23 cases respectively. According to the presence or absence of ROP, children were divided into ROP group and non-ROP group, with 48 (38.1%) and 78 (61.9%) cases respectively. The differences of clinical data between the two groups were compared and analyzed. Quantitative data comparison between groups was performed by t test, and count data comparison was performed by χ2 test. The risk factors of ROP in BPD premature infants were analyzed by multi-factor logistics regression. The correlation between BPD severity and ROP severity was tested by Spearman rank correlation test.ResultsCompared with the non-ROP group, the ROP group had a smaller gestational age (t=5.988), lower birth weight (t=7.371), higher the application rate of oxygen concentration＞30% (duration of service＞24 h), high rate (χ2=17.244) and longer noninvasive ventilation time (t=－7.139), the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). In the logistic regression model, the noninvasive ventilation time was the risk factor for ROP in preterm infants with BPD (OR≈1.054, P＜0.05), while gestational age and birth weight were importantly protective factors for ROP in preterm infants with BPD (OR≈0.938, 0.996; P＜0.05). The results of the correlation analysis found that the severity of BPD was significantly positively correlated with the severity of ROP. As the severity of BPD increased, the severity of ROP increased, and the difference was statistically significant (rs=0.306, P＜0.035).ConclusionsFetal gestational age, low birth weight, hyperoxia, and long-term non-invasive mechanical ventilation are the main risk factors for ROP in preterm infants with BPD. The severity of BPD is positively correlated with the incidence and severity of ROP.