ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical efficacy of scleral buckling surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) of 376 patients.MethodsA retrospective analysis was performed about 376 patients (391 eyes) who underwent scleral buckling surgery in Chengdu Aidi Eye Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019. There were 214 males (224 eyes) and 162 females (167 eyes). There were 15 binocular cases and 361 monocular cases. The average age was 37.16±16.36 years. The average course of disease was 3 months. There were 1 to more than 10 retina holes for all patients. Retinal breaks occur in all quadrants and at ora serrata. The preoperative average BCVA was 0.27 and the postoperative average BCVA was 0.41. Retinal detachment ranges was observed in 268 eyes in 1 quadrant, 97 eyes in 2-3 quadrants, 26 eyes in total, and 231 eyes with macular involvement. There were 376 eyes treated with scleral buckling, 9 eyes treated with scleral buckling combined with scleral encircling, 6 eyes treated with scleral encircling. The average follow-up time was 5 months. Postoperative follow-up was conducted to observe retinal reduction, BCVA, complications and patient compliance.ResultsAfter the first operation, retinal reattachmnents were successfully achieved in 375 eyes (95.91%); 16 eyes (4.09%) failed in retinal reattachmnents. Eight eyes were treated with scleral buckling again, 5 eyes were treated with vitrectomy silicone oil filling, and 3 eyes were treated with air injection. After the second operation, retinal reattachmnents were ultimately achieved in 16 eyes (100.00%). The average BCVA after operation was 0.15. Postoperative intraocular pressure increased by 45 eyes (11.51%). The intraocular pressure increased from the next day to 3 days after operation. The intraocular pressure was completely controlled 1-3 days after the treatment of topical medication and 20% mannitol. Vitreous and subretinal hemorrhage in 1 eye caused by drainage of the subscleral liquid. There was no cases withpostoperative infection.ConclusionThe retinal reattachment rate is 95.91% in 376 patients with RRD treated by scleral buckling surgery, and the visual acuity has significantly improved.