Objective To summarize the function of Kupffer cell for the ischemia reperfusion injury after liver’s transplatation. Methods The literatures which about the function of Kupffer cell for the ischemia reperfusion injury after liver’s transplatation were reviewed. Results Kupffer cells are the resident macrophages of the liver, which can be activated to generate a range of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, reactive oxygen intermediates, chemokines, and other factors to startup the ischemia reperfusion injury （IRI）, and to cause the liver graft dysfunction. On the other hand, Kupffer cells can protect the ischemia reperfusion injury by release NO and HO-1. The CO, which is the byproduct of heme degradation by the heme oxygenases （HO-1），has the same function for IRI. Conclusions The Kupffer cells have bidirectional function for the ischemia reperfusion injury of liver’s transpatation. Thus, how to decrease the harmful factors and up-regulate the beneficial substances by Kupffer cells will be the key points in preventing IRI after liver transplantation in future.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the expression level of histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) tissues, to analyze its correlations with clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of LUSC patients, and to explore the effect it exerts on the proliferation of LUSC cells.MethodsThe expression level of HDAC9 was detected by immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), and its correlations with clinicopathological characteristics were analyzed by χ2 test. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model were employed to analyze independent predictors for overall survival (OS) of LUSC patients. CRISPR/dCas9 activation system was used to activate the transcription of HDAC9 gene in LUSC cell line EBC-1. CCK8 cell proliferation assay and colony formation test were performed to investigate the effect that transcriptional activation of HDAC9 exerts on the proliferation of LUSC cells.ResultsOf the 129 LUSC patients, 39 (30.2%) were in the HDAC9 low expression group and 90 (69.8%) were in the HDAC9 high expression group. The OS of the patients with HDAC9 high expression was shorter than that of patients with HDAC9 low expression (P=0.032). The expression level of HDAC9 was associated with tumor grade (P=0.035), primary tumor size (P=0.041), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.013). The expression level of HDAC9 (P=0.023), tumor grade (P=0.003), primary tumor size (P=0.003), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.002) were independent predictors for OS of LUSC patients. Transcriptional activation of HDAC9 promoted colony formation of LUSC cells and cell proliferating curves showed that LUSC cells with HDAC9 transcriptional activation proliferated faster than non-targeting cells (F=52.7, P=0.002).ConclusionLUSC patients with HDAC9 high expression have poorer prognosis than HDAC9 low expression ones. The expression level of HDAC9 is associated with tumor grade, primary tumor size, and lymph node metastasis, and is identified as an independent predictor for prognosis of LUSC. Transcriptional activation of HDAC9 promotes cell proliferation in LUSC. These results suggest that HDAC9 may serve as a promising biomarker for prognosis in LUSC.
Objective To evaluate the prognosis of different node status on the basis of the eighth TNM classification for lung cancer. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of 1 851 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who underwent radical resection between January 2005 and December 2014. There were 1 078 males and 773 females at age of 16–86 (59.7±9.7) years. Survival probability was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and significance was assessed by the log-rank test. Results This cohort study was consisted of 1 209 patients with N0, 305 with N1 and 337 with N2. N0 patients were divided into a N0a group and a N0b group according to whether the 13 and 14 level of lymph nodes were examined. The survival rate of the N0a group was significantly higher than that of the N0b group, and the 5-year survival rate was 88.9% and 81.3% (P<0.001), respectively. According to the number of lymph node metastasis stations, N1 was divided into a N1a (single) group and a N1b (multiple) group. And no significant difference was observed between the two groups in survival rate (P=0.562). Based on the presence of lymph nodes of 10–12 level, N1 was divided into a negative group and a positive group. And the negative group was found with significantly higher survival rate than the positive group (5-year survival rate of 78.4% vs. 64.3%, P=0.007). The N2 patients were divided into a single station metastasis group (a N2a1 group), a single station with N1 positive group (a N2a2 group) and a multiple station group (a N2b group), and the percentage was accounted for 22.0% (74/337), 37.7% (127/337) and 40.3% (136/337), respectively. There was a statistical difference in 5-year survival rate (62.2% vs. 56.5% vs. 37.3%) among the three groups (P=0.001). Conclusion Subgroup analysis of N staging in NSCLC patients shows significant survival differences which may be more consistent with multidisciplinary therapy under precise staging patterns.
Objective To investigate whether postoperative therapy can bring survival benefits to patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with TP regimen. Methods We retrospectively reviewed clinical data of 115 patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with TP regimen and underwent esophagectomy in our hospital from January 2007 through December 2016. Patients were divided into two groups including a non-receiving treatment group (54 patients with 47 males and 7 females) and a receiving treatment group (61 patients with 52 males and 9 females). There were 31 patients with postoperative chemotherapy, 14 with postoperative radiotherapy, and 16 with postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the receiving treatment group. Results In the non-receiving treatment group, the 5-year median disease free survival (DFS) rate was 54.7%, and the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 55.3%. In the receiving treatment group, the median DFS was 46.0 months (95% CI 22.9–69.1), the 5-year DFS rate was 42.3%; and the median OS was 68.0 months (95% CI 33.0–103.0), the 5-year OS rate was 51.3%. Furthermore, there was no statistical difference between the two groups with regards to DFS (P=0.641) or OS (P=0.757) using Kaplan-Meier method. Besides, in each subgroup, the results of Cox proportional hazard model analysis showed postoperative treatment did not improve survival (P>0.05, respectively). Conclusion Postoperative treatment does not bring survival benefits to patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who have received neoadjuvant chemotherapy with TP regimen.