Objective To investigate the role of mitochondrial adenosine triphosphatesensitive potassium channel(mitoKATP) in immature myocardial ischemic preconditioning, and to provide evidence for immature myocardial protection. Methods Langendorff isolated heart infused model was used in the experiment. Twentyfour rabbits (aged from 14 to 21 days) were randomly divided into 4 groups：ischemiareperfusion group（I/R group）, myocardial ischemic preconditioning group(E1 group), 5hydroxydecanoate(5-HD) group (E2 group) and Diazoxide (Diaz) group(E3 group). Hemodynamics recovery rate, myocardial water content(MWC), the leakage rates of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, adenosine triphosphate content, superoxide dismutase activity, malondialdehyde content, myocardial cell Ca2+ content and myocardial mitochondrial Ca2+ content, myocardial mitochondrial Ca2+-ATPase activity, the adenosine triphosphate(ATP) synthesizing ability of myocardial mitochondria were tested, and myocardial ultrastructure was observed via electron microscopy. Results The hemodynamics recovery rate, myocardial water content(P＜0.05), adenosine triphosphate content, superoxide dismutase activity, myocardial mitochondrial Ca2+-adenosine triphosphyatase(ATPase) activity and the ATP synthesizing ability of myocardial mitochondria of the rabbits in E1 and E3 group were significantly better than that in I/R group and E2 group(P＜0.05). Malondialdehyde content, the leakage rates of serum creatine kinase and lactate dehydrogenase, myocardial cell Ca2+ content and myocardial mitochondrial Ca2+ content of the rabbits in E1 group and E3 group were significantly lower than that in I/R group and E2 group (P＜0.05). The myocardial ultrastructure injury in E1 and E3 group were significantly reduced compared with that in I/R and E2 group. Conclusion Myocardial ischemic preconditioning has significant protective effects on immature myocardium. Its mechanism may be related to the activation of mitoKATP.
Objective To investigate the immature myocardial protection effects with renal ischemic preconditioning. Methods 18 neonatal rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Ischemic/reperfusion(I/R) group underwent 45 min ischemia followed with 45 min reperfusion after Langendorff model performed. Cardiac ischemic preconditioning(CIP) group underwent 45 min ischemia followed with 45 min reperfusion after 5 min ischemia and then 5 min reperfusion for two times. Renal ischemic preconditioning(RIP) group underwent 45 min ischemia followed with 45 min reperfusion after renal artery obstruction for 5 min and 5 min reperfusion for three times.The left ventricular function recovery,myocardial water content(MWC), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) leakage, malondialdehyde(MDA) content,adenosine triphosphate(ATP) content, superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, myocardial cell Ca2+ ［Ca2+］c content,mitochondrial Ca 2+ content ［Ca2+］m,synthesizing ATP activity of mitochondria ［ATP］m and Ca2+ATPase activity of mitochondria ［Ca2+ATPase］m were tested. Results The recovery of postischemic heart function in RIP group and CIP group were higher than that I/R group(Plt;0.01). There were no significant difference of HR, AF in three groups （Pgt;0.05）. There were significant difference of CF，CO，LVSP and LVEDP in RIP group and CIP group than those I/R group（Plt;0.01）. There were significant difference of MWC, CK, LDH, ATP content, MDA, SOD activity, ［Ca2+］c content, ［Ca2+ATPase］m， ［Ca2+］m and ［ATP］m in RIP group than those I/R group（Plt;0.01). There were no significant difference between RIP group and CIP group upon every index (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion RIP has the same cardioprotection to immature myocardium as ischemic preconditioning.
Objective To investigate the clinical significance and expression of T helper cell secretory cytokines in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues, which provide theoretical basis of reasonable and effective therapy for patients with esophageal carcinoma. Methods Fifty-six specimens of patients who underwent esophageal carcinoma resection were divided into two groups. Group A (n=28) included grade Ⅰand Ⅱ specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, group B (n=28) included grade Ⅲ and Ⅳ specimens of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Control group included 6 specimens of esophagitis. The expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 10 (IL-10) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in all specimens were detected. Results The positive expression of TNF-α,TGF-β and IL-10 in group A and group B were significantly higher than those in control group(Plt;0.01); the positive expression of TNF-α in group A was higher than that in group B, while the positive expression of TGF-β and IL-10 were lower than those in group B (Plt; 0.01). There was negative correlation between the positive expression of TNF-α and IL-10, TGF-β(Plt;0.01), and positive correlation between TGF-β and IL-10 (Plt; 0.01). The positive expression of TNF-α in patients of survival period in 3 years was lower than that exceed 3 years(F=36.25 ,Plt;0.01),while the positive expression of IL-10 and TGF-β in the patients of survival period in 3 years were higher than those exceed 3 years(F=29.29,26.69;Plt;0.01). Conclusion By the way of changing the level of cytokines secretion from T helper cells, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma tissues destroyed the balanced condition of patient’s immune system, which made esophageal carcinoma tissues escape the attack from the patient’s immune system and promote the invasion into surrounding tissues.