ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of signaling pathway about the EGFR, MAPK, IKB/NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, WNT/beta-catenin, and the Hedgehog in development of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). MethodsThe related literatures about the molecular genetic mechanism of signaling pathways were reviewed. ResultsIn the occurrence and development of HCC, the EGFR, MAPK, IKB/NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, WNT/β-catenin, and Hedgehog signaling pathways not only interweaver with each other complexly, but also interact with each other, and some tumor markers, anticancer genes, proto-oncogenes, and miRNA may have synergistic effects for the occurrence of HCC. ConclusionThe abnormal changes of molecular signaling pathways is a necessary condition for the occurrence and development of tumor, and there is considerable cross-talk and redundancy to many signaling pathways.
ObjectiveTo explore the prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer. MethodsClinical data of 71 patients of pancreatic cancer who treated in The First Hospital of Lanzhou University from January 2010 to December 2014 were retrospectively collected to analyze the prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer. ResultsSixty patients of the 71 patients were followed up for 5-36 months, with the median time of 16 months, and the 1, 2, and 3-year cumulative survival rates were 60.6%, 23.9%, and 1.4% respectively. Univariate analysis results showed that, gender (P=0.043), lymph node metastasis (P=0.002), distant metastasis (P=0.000), TNM staging (P=0.000), and peripancreatic invasion (P=0.000) were correlated with the prognosis of pancreatic cancer, that female patients, patients with the presence of lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, later TNM staging, and peripancreatic invasion had worse prognosis. Cox proportional hazard model results showed that, distant metastasis (P=0.047), TNM staging (P=0.002), and peripancreatic invasion (P=0.016) were prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer, patients with the presence of distant metastasis, later TNM staging, and peripancreatic invasion had poor prognosis. ConclusionDistant metastasis, TNM staging, and peripancreatic invasion were independent prognostic factors of pancreatic cancer.