Objective To investigate the expression of matrix metallo proteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in rats′optical nerves after extrusion wound. Methods We set up the model of rats with extrusion wound of the optical nerves, detected activity changes of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the optical nerves by gelatin zymography, identified the attribute by Western blotting, and verified the expression of mRNA of MMP-2 and MMP-9 by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR ). Results MMP-2 existed in normal optial nerves and optical nerves with extrusion wound, while MMP-9 was only detected in the latter. The expression of MMP-9 was the highest 1 day after the extrusion wound, while that of MMP-2 was the highest 7 days after the extrusion wound. Conclusions MMP-2 and MMP-9 may participate in the pathological recovery process of optical nerves after extrusion wound. The glial cells in the optical nerves may be one of the sources of MMP-2 and MMP-9. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis，2003，19：269-332)
Objective To explore the expressions of E-cadherin， matrix metalloproteinases-2 （MMP-2） protein，and matrix metalloproteinases-9 （MMP-9） protein in gastric cancer tissues， and to analyze the possible statistical relati-onship between the expressions of E-cadherin， MMP-2 protein， and MMP-9 protein， and clinicopathological features ofgastric cancer. Methods The ABC immunohistochemical staining was adopted to examine the expressions of E-cadherin，MMP-2 protein， and MMP-9 protein in 40 paraffin slices of gastric cancer （gastric cancer group）， with the adjacent tissue as the control group （adjacent tissue group）. The positive rates of 3 kinds of protein were compared between the2 groups， in addition， the statistical relationship between the expressions of the 3 kinds of protein and clinicopathological features of gastric cancer was examined respectively by SPSS 19.0 software. Results The expressions of E-cadherin， MMP-2 protein， and MMP-9 protein were all found in gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. In gastric cancer tissue group， the expression of E-cadherin downregulated while the expressions of MMP-2 protein and MMP-9 protein upregulated in comparison to adjacent tissue group （P＜0.05）. The significant association was found between the expre-ssion of E-cadherin and the gastric cancer tissues of T3＋T4 stage， N1-N3 stage， and Ⅲ＋Ⅳ stage， which had lower positive expression rate （P＜0.05）. The expression of MMP-2 protein in gastric cancer tissues of M1 stage and Ⅲ＋Ⅳstage upregulated （P＜0.05）， and the expression of MMP-9 protein upregulated in gastric cancer tissues of T3＋T4 stage，Ⅲ＋Ⅳ stage， or lowlydifferentiated＋undifferentiated （P＜0.05）. No significant relationship was found in other clinical-pathological features and 3 kinds of protein except aforementioned significant relationship （P＞0.05）. Conclusions In the development progress of gastric cancer， the E-cadherin may get involved in the mechanism of tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis， MMP-2 protein may get involved in the mechanism of distant metastasis， and MMP-9 protein may get involved in the mechanism of differentiation and tumor invasion. The examination of those 3 kinds of markers may play an role in the judgment of tumor stage and estimation of prognosis in gastric cancer clinically.
Objective To examine the effects of newly designed LY52 on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases and invasive ability of hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. Methods The effects of LY52 on the proliferations of HepG2 cells were detected by MTT assay. Gelatin zymography and Western blot were used to detect the effects of LY52 on matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in the cell line. Transwell chamber assay was used to detect the effects of LY52 on the invasion of the cells. Results No obvious inhibitory or cytotoxicity effects of LY52 was found in lower concentrations (lt;200 μg/ml) of LY52. Gelatin zymography and Western blot showed that matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression were inhibited by LY52 in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, transwell chamber assay showed that LY52 could significantly inhibit the invasion of the cell line in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion The results suggest that LY52 may inhibit the invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells by suppressing the matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity.
Objective Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has promoting angiogenesis function. To explore the effects of APS collagen sponge on enhancing angiogenesis and collagen synthesis so as to provide evidence for the future tissue engineering appl ication as a kind of angiogenic scaffold. Methods APS collagen sponges were prepared by covalent binding with collagen polypeptides by using of crossl inking agents at the ratio of 1 ∶ 1 (W/W). Twenty 10-week-old SpragueDawley rats (10 males and 10 females, and weighing 200-250 g) were selected. Longitudinal incision was made at both sides of the back to form subcutaneous pockets. APS collagen sponges of 5 mm × 5 mm × 5 mm at size were implanted into the left pockets as the experimental group, collagen sponges without APS of the same size into the right pockets as the control group. The general conditions were observed after operation. At 3, 7, 14，and 21 days, 5 rats were sacrificed and the samples were harvested to count the number of microvessels, to measure the contents of the hydroxyprol ine (Hyp), and to detect the mRNA expressions of angiopoetin 1 (Ang1), matrix metalloproteinases 9 (MMP-9), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases 1 (TIMP-1). Results All rats were al ive during experiment period. The number of microvessels increased gradually, and reached the peak at 14 days in 2 groups; the expermental group was significantly higher than the control group (P lt; 0.05). The contents of Hyp increased gradually in 2 groups, and the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P lt; 0.05). The mRNA expressions of Ang1 and MMP-9 in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 3, 7, and 14 days (P lt; 0.05); the mRNA expression of TIMP-1 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group at 3 days and was significantly higher at 14 and 21 days (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The APS collagen sponges can improve angiogenesis and collagen synthesis in wound heal ing by regulating the expressions of Ang1, MMP-9, and TIMP-1.
Objective To detect the variation rule of different cellular components, extracellular matrix, matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs), and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases（TIMPs）in proliferative membranes in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) with different courses of disease, and to investigate the remodeling mechanism of PVR. Methods Sixteen surgically excised specimens of proliferative membranes from patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment combined with PVR with the course of disease of 2 months to 8 years were selected. The different cellular component of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells and glial cells, component of extracellular matrix including fibronectin, laminin，and collagen types Ⅰ to Ⅳ, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMP2, MMP9) and TIMP1 in proliferative membrane were labeled by immunohistochemical method. The variati on of those labeled components in proliferative membrane in PVR duration and the correlation between these components and the course of PVR were analyzed. Results As the duration of PVR increased,the expression of RPE cells, fibronectin and MMP2 decreased (Plt;0.05）,while glial cells,collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ increased (Plt;0.05）.The positive staining of laminin and collagen type Ⅱ and Ⅳ were found, but the association with PVR duration was not detected. A negative correlation between PVR duration and RPE cells, MMP2, and fibronectin respectively and a positive correlation between PVR duration and glial cells, collagen Ⅰand Ⅲ respectively were detected. MMP2 positively related with variation of fibronect in. Positive staining of MMP9 and TIMP1 was recorded but did not change with the variation of the disease course. Conclusion During the formation and development of proliferative membrane in PVR, RPE cells, glial cells, fibronectin, collagen type Ⅰand Ⅲ and MMP2 take part in the remodeling of proliferative membrane. (Chin J Ocul Fungdus Dis, 2006, 22:308-312)
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of amniotic fluid levels and blood serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases-8 (MMP-8) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in women with preterm delivery. MethodsBetween January 2010 and December 2012, we collected the amniotic fluid of 102 preterm pregnant women and 98 full term pregnant women and analyzed the MMP-8 levels and IL-6 levels in amniotic fluid and blood serum. Meanwhile, we also collected the amniotic fluid to do bacterial culture. ResultsThe amniotic fluid levels of MMP-8 in preterm pregnant women were higher than those in full term pregnant women [(320.45±59.88) vs (153.72±29.12) ng/mL, P<0.05], but there was no obvious discrepancy in the blood serum levels of MMP-8 in the two groups [(9.56±2.11) vs (9.42±2.01) ng/mL, P>0.05]. Both amniotic fluid levels and blood serum levels of IL-6 in preterm pregnant women were significantly higher than the full term pregnant women [(90.5±16.3] vs (20.6±12.5) μg/L, P<0.05; (159.2±20.4) vs (22.3±11.8) μg/L, P<0.05]. The positive bacterial culture rate of preterm pregnant women was higher than the full term pregnant women (8.8% vs 1.0%, P<0.05). ConclusionInfection is the most important reason for preterm pregnancy. MMP-8 level increases in the amniotic fluid, and the level of IL-6 in amniotic fluid and blood serum is a valuable clinical index for identifying premature delivery.
Objective To investigate the expression of E26 transformation-specific-1（E26ts-1），matrix metalloproteinase-1（MMP-1）and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 （TIMP-1） in choroidal melanoma and the correlation with the tumorprime;s infiltration and metastasis. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of E26ts-1，MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in 78 cases of choroidal melanoma who were divided into shuttle-cells，paraepithelial-cells and mixed-cells type according to the configuration of tumor cells.The patients were followed up and their average existing time was calculated.The results were statistically computed with statistic SPSS 10.0 package. Results In the 78 cases，shuttle-cells type was found in 21，paraepithelial-cells type in 34，and mixed-cells type in 23. Expression of TIMP-1was low in uveal melanoma，while expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1 was obviously found in the three types of choroidal melanoma;the sequence of expression intensity was shuttle-cells，mixed-cells and paraepithelial-cells type.Among 37 cases who had been followed up，the shuttle-cells type was in 18 with the average existing time of （78.33plusmn;24.69）months，the mixed-cells type was in 10 with the average existing time of（61.44plusmn;20.46）months，and the paraepithelial-cells type was in 9 with the average existing time of（36.76plusmn;12.19）months.The existing time was negative correlated with the intensity of expresion of E26ts-1 and MMP-1. Conclusion The high expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1and low expression of TIMP-1may relate to the choroidal melanomaprime;s infiltration and metastasis. (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 174-176)
Purpose To identify matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) in human vitreous samples of diabetic vitreoretinopathy (DR) and other ocular diseases (non-DR) and to probe the related factors of MMP expression． Methods Thirty-one diabetic and 17 non-diabetic vitreous samples (nine macular hole and eight epiretinal membrane patients) were examined． Samples were concentrated and subjected to substrate zymography to conduct a quantitative analysis of MMP-2,9 activity． The technology of Western blotting against anti-human MMP-2,9 was performed to identify MMP in vitreous samples． Results Vitreous samples both from DR patients and from non-DR patients showed a single band at the position of 72 kDa, correspondin g to MMP-2． Quantitative analysis revealed that diabetic vitreous showed higher MMP-2 activity than non-DR, although the difference was not significant.45.2% of DR patients showed MMP-9, but no expression in non-DR．Among DR samples, the positive ratio of MMP-9 in partial posterior vitreous detachment (PVD)(66．7%) was significantly higher than that of complete PVD (15．4%)． Western blotting study confirmed the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9． Conclusion There is no obvious difference of MMP-2 activity between DR and non-DR． MMP-9 may be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic vitreor etinopathy and the deterioration of proliferative change． (Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:195-197
Objective To investigate pathogenesis and therapeutic prospect of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). Methods Relevant literatures about pathogenesis and ways of treatment for AAA in recent years were reviewed. Results The formation of AAA are associated with heredity, anatomy, environment and biochemistry and other factors. All factors influence and interact with each other. The metabolic disequilibrium of aortic intermediate extracellular matrix plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AAA. The main reasons for the formation of AAA may be the increase of activity of matrix metalloproteinases and the disequilibrium of genetic expressions of elastin and collagen. The therapy of AAA includes surgical and medical treatment. The methods of medical treatment are still in the process of exploration and research. Conclusion The formation of AAA is a synergistical result of multiple factors, and medical treatment is an important supplement of surgical treatment.
Objective To study the expressions and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF-C in 78 cases of PTC and 18 cases of thyroid benign tumors.Results The positive expression rates of MMP-2 and VEGF-C in PTC （80.77%, 75.64%） were significantly higher than those of the thyroid benign tumor （11.11%, 22.22%）, P＜0.05. The expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF-C were correlated to the degree of infiltration and lymph node metastasis in PTC: In those which infiltrated to or over the thyroid capsular, or had clinical neck lymph node metastasis, the positive expression rates were significantly higher than those in the other cases which had confined invasion of thyroid capsular or non-clinical metastasis of neck lymph node (P＜0.05). And during the follow-up of 41 patients who didn’t have clinical neck lymph node metastasis before operation, the positive expression rates of those who had clinical neck lymph node metastasis were significantly higher than those in the other patients who didn’t have neck lymph node metastasis (P＜0.05). There was significantly positive correlation between the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF-C in PTC （Gamma=0.846， P＜0.05）. Conclusions MMP-2 and VEGF-C may be used to distinguish malignant and benign thyroid tumor; The expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF-C are correlated with the degree of infiltration and neck lymph node metastasis in PTC; Combined detection of MMP-2 and VEGF-C will be more accurate to predict condition of lymph node metastasis.