In the rescue that follows a major natural disaster, blood donation is a unique, necessary method to assist the injured. To achieve effective assurance of the blood supply for medical rescue in an orderly fashion, the current procedure must be adjusted by using scientific prediction, analysis, and adaptation. After the process of ensuring the blood supply for medical rescue during the Wenchuan Earthquake, the Ministry of Health of China, with great efforts, continues to investigate and reflect upon the application of the above principals during actual practice. Objectively, these efforts will lead to better results and establish a standard supplying blood during a disaster rescue.
Baoxing airborne medical team of West China Hospital participated in the medical rescue in 2013 “4?20”Lushan earthquake. The medical team excellently fulfilled their rescue task for 1 week in the earthquake-struck areas where there was power and communication failure and lack of water and food supply. We found some experiences and problems in airbornemedical team assembly and member selection, which may provide quotable experiences for future disaster assistance and rescue teams.
Objective To analyze retrospectively the overall situation of medical rescue in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University after the Wenchuan earthquake, so as to provide references for the emergency preparation for the disaster of earthquake. Methods Analysis was based on the data provided by the Department of Information, the Medical Record Library, the Department of Emergency, the Department of Orthopaedics and other related departments of the hospital. The software Microsoft EXCEL was used for data management, and SPSS 13.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results From May 22 to May 26, 91 cases from the disaster area had been treated in the hospital, of which 90 were from Mianyang and 1 from Chengdu. These patients included 44 males with a median age of 38 (27, 53) years old and 47 females with a median age of 51 (33, 62) years old. Most patients were sent to the hospital within the first 10 or 11 days after the earthquake, with 86.8% hospitalized after 10 days and 22.0% after 11 days. The number of outpatients reached its peak of 37.1% of all the outpatients (33 cases) within 34 days after the earthquake. The wounded were mainly admitted into the Department of Orthopaedics, with 34.81% of the patients having lower limb fracture, 18.26% having spine fracture, and 12.59% suffering pelvis fracture. Only 2 out of the 89 patients died. One death was due to 60% burning injury and 1 died of multiple catastrophic injuries. Conclusion Based on the data, it is important to develop an emergent plan for medical rescues after an earthquake disaster and to strengthen the reserve of medical supplies, personnel training, scientific field triage and the construction of information platforms.
After Wenchuan earthquake, the West China Second University Hospital immediately started the preparation of emergency pharmaceutical administration. The pharmaceutical department effectively controlled the provision, purchasing, utilization and donation of medications through a double-track operation system. In this way, the medication supply was ensured for both the patients suffering from the disaster and routine patients, which guaranteed the rationality in medication and promoted the utilization of the donated drugs so that more than 80 000 drug cost was saved for the hospital.
Objective To analyze retrospectively the overall situation of medical rescue in the Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu after the Wenchuan earthquake, so as to provide references for the emergency preparedness for the disaster of earthquake. Methods The analysis was based on the data provided by the Department of Information, the Medical Record Library, the Department of Emergency, the Department of Orthopaedics and other related departments of the Hospital up to 8 a.m. of July 12. The software of Microsoft EXCEL was used for data input, and SPSS 11.5 was used for statistical analysis. Results Up to July 12, 563 cases from the disaster area had been treated in the hospital, of whom 249 were admitted into the outpatient department and 314 into the inpatient department, including 287 men and 276 women, with a median age of 42 years (28, 57) in the outpatient department and a median age of 46 years (33, 65) in the inpatient department. The inpatients’ age was older than the outpatients’s (P=0.003). Most outpatients were sent to the hospital within the first 3 days after the quake (73.50%), while less than half of the inpatients were sent to the hospital during this period of time. The wounded were mainly from Dujiangyan, Aba Prefecture and Pengzhou, which was correlated with the transportation distance, the casualty and the condition of the local hospitals. The wounded were mainly admitted into the Departments of Orthopaedics (69.3%), Neurosurgery (15.6%) and General Surgery (3.7%). The total cost in the Department of Orthopaedics was the highest, followed by the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the Department of Neurosurgery. However, the median cost in the ICU was the highest, followed by the Department of Neurosurgery and the Department of Nephrology. Only 9 out of the 563 patients died, including 5 outpatients and 4 inpatients, of whom 8 deaths were due to craniocerebral injury and 1 died of crush syndrome. Conclusion Based on the data, it is of vital importance to develop an emergent plan for the medical rescue after an earthquake disaster, and to strengthen the reserve of medical supplies, personnel training, scientific field triage as well as the construction of information platforms.
Objective To analyze data for 1950 injured patients in the People’s Hospital of Deyang City following the Wenchuan earthquake, to provide relavent evidence to inform future decision-making in relation to establishing and improving frontline hospitals in disaster areas. Methods The basic situation of the wounded inpatients and the total situation of medical rescue were analyzed with data provided by the Department of Information at the hospital from May 12th to July 12th 2008. Microsoft EXCEL was used for data input and SPSS 11.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results By July 12th, a total of 1950 injured patients and 1378 inpatients had been treated in the hospital. Most inpatients were treated during the first week after the earthquake (about 65.6%), with the number of the inpatients reaching a peak of 703 on the first day, May 12th. The majority of the wounded inpatients were from the Mianzhu, Shifang and Jingyang districts of Deyang city. The diagnosis on admission included fracture (45.9%), craniocerebral injury (20.9%) and thoracoabdominal injury (14.7%). There were 48 deaths including 30 pre-hospital deaths, 10 emergency deaths and 8 inpatient deaths. There were 441 patients who were transported and transferred to the 2nd and 3rd hospitals from the People’s Hospital of Deyang City, which was the first hospital to organize the large-scale transporting of patients in the whole province. There were 1378 inpatients from the disaster area and 726 healthcare workers were sent to the disaster area to provide medical rescue. Psychological treatment was provided to more than 5000 inpatients, inhabitants, healthcare workers and army members. Conclusion The People’s Hospital of Deyang City successfully has accomplished a difficult task as the hospital nearest to the disaster area and played an important role during emergency medical rescue.
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between rapid emergency medicine score (REMS) and therapeutic intervention scoring system (TISS-28) score and analyze the feasibility of assessing the nursing workload by REMS score for critically wounded earthquake victims, in order to provide reference for rapid and effective resource allocation for earthquake victims. MethodsA retrospective analysis was carried out on 39 Lushan earthquake victims with their acute plysiology and chronic health evaluationⅡ scores higher than 25, who were directly transferred from the earthquake site to the Emergency Department of West China Hospital between April 20 and 27, 2013. Among them, there were 24 males and 15 females aged between 5 and 90 years old averaging (57.1±19.8) years. REMS score and TISS-28 score were calculated for each victim. The relationship between REMS score and TISS-28 score was analyzed by correlation analysis and curve estimation including linear model, quadratic model, composite model, growth model, logarithm model, cubic model and exponential model. Then, we tried to find out the most suitable description for the relationship between REMS score and TISS-28 score. ResultsThe Spearman correlation coefficient between the two score systems was 0.710 and the most suitable description for the relationship between REMS score and TISS-28 score was logarithmic curve model. The formula was TISS=-5.946+4.467lnREMS. ConclusionREMS score can be applied as a nursing workload predicting tool for critically wounded victims in Lushan earthquake and it provides a guidance for rational allocation of health resources.
Objective To explore the structure and influencing factors of overall medical treatment expenses of 1 635 inpatients of Wenchuan earthquake in West China Hospital and to provide references for setting up the criteria of medical expenses and for assess the cost-effect of medical rescue and treatment. Methods The data of earthquake casualties were collected to analyze the constitution and influencing factors of the overall medical expense by SPSS 13.0 software. The data were described by X±SD. Comparison of data categories was tested by rank sum and influencing factors were analyzed by multi ple l inear regression analysis. Results A total of 1 635 casualties including 1 413 (86.04%) earthquake wounded and 222 (13.96%) patients from the disaster area were identified. The average expense per capita was 9 165.05±12 426.11 yuan. The overall cost was made up of operation expenses (71.75%) including material cost, examination fee and treatment fee, drug cost (18.41%) as well as bed fee and others (less than 10%). The cost of patients from the disaster area was higher than that of the earthquake wounded (Z= –4.109, P=0.000). The operation, compl ications, multiple-site damages, injures induced by the secondary disaster of the earthquake such as burn and corrosion were the direct reason leading to the high overall expense. The influencing factors included operation (r=0.386), ICU (r=0.336) and the day of hospital ization (r=0.246). Conclusion The earthquake wounded occupy the predominant percentage of the earthquake inpatients in West China Hospital. The operation, compl ications, multiple-site damages and injures induced by the secondary disaster of the earthquake lead to a high overall expense. The influencing factors include operation, ICU and the day of hospital ization. The relationship between the expense and the disease category largely depends on the classification criteria. The relationship between the expense and the age as well as the prognosis needs further study. But no correlation between the expense and the gender is found.
Sichuan provincial health emergency team has completed a number of domestic emergencies, as well as the emergency medical rescue of the Nepal earthquake, since constructured. It established a great industry image, moreover, the people’s health and safety of life were ensured. This paper summarized the experience of Sichuan provincial health emergency team construction, to provide scientific evidence of optimizing health emergency team construction in China.
Objective To systematically and thoughtfully summarize the experience and lessons of emergency medical rescue during the Wenchuan earthquake in order toprovide relevant evidence to inform decision making for future emergency medical situations. Methods The relevant data was collected and analyzed through brainstorming and questionnaire. Result ① The Sichuan province Headquarters for Earthquake Disaster Relief was organized at the first time after the earthquake, and a coordination mechanism was established between the national ministry and Sichuan, as well as different departments and the army, to ensure the powerful, ordered, and effective action for the medical rescue. ② Thirty-five thousand eight-hundred medical rescue workers were organized within 72 hours of the earthquake and were sent to all the worst-hit counties via land, water, and air. Some effective measures such as “Four concentration”and“Transfer of wounded patients” were used to reduce the mortality and disability of the wounded patients. ③ The anti-epidemic measures were performed across all the villages and settlements of the people affected by the earthquake to ensure no recurrence of public health events during the first two weeks after the quake. ④ Medical resources were organized scientifically and transparently to meet the demand of medical rescue. ⑤ The recovery and re-establishment of medical services were promoted by two phases. Conclusion The emergency medical rescue of those affected by the earthquake in the Sichuan Province is succesful. In the future, we should establish an effective emergency medical rescue system, supply the reserve of medical resources, improve the equipment of medical rescue teams, strengthen the establishment of discipline of disaster medicine, and improve the emergency pre-plan.