Objective To explore the effects of lecture-based learning (LBL), problem-based learning (PBL) or combination of both on the cardiovascular system anatomy teaching. Methods Nine classes majoring in clinical medicine of Grade 2009 were randomly divided into the LBL class, the PBL class and the PBL combined with LBL class. The examination scores and questionnaire were used to evaluate the teaching effect. Results The students of LBL class did well in the objective questions test, but badly in case analysis. On the contrary, the students of PBL class did well in case analysis, but were weak in objective questions test. However, the students of PBL combined with LBL class could get good grades in both of them. Questionnaire showed that the PBL teaching method, PBL and LBL combined method could improve their communicative ability, learning motivation, comprehensive analysis ability, language skills and so on. Conclusion Combination of PBL and LBL not only enhances students’ memories about the anatomic knowledge, but also helps students practice efficiently what they learned to analyze clinical cases. Furthermore, the method of PBL combined with LBL improves, to a certain extent, students’ comprehensive quality.
Objective To investigate the situation of supplemental drugs to the national essential medicines list (EML) in primary health care facilities. Methods Supplemental essential medicine lists published by provincial governments around our country were identified. Characteristics of categories, names and quantities of the supplemental drugs were extracted and compared. Results Supplemental lists issued by 13 provinces were included. The number of the supplemental drugs of four provinces including Jiangsu, Guangdong, Inner Mongolia and Shandong surpassed 200. All the included lists contained chemicals and traditional Chinese medicine, as well as nine categories mentioned in the EML. The frequency of 17 drugs in the supplemental lists was over 10. Specific paediatrics drugs and antitumor drugs were considered by several provinces. Conclusion At present, EML cannot meet the requirements of the primary healthcare. Selection and amendment of EML may refer to the supplemental lists which reflect the demands of essential drugs in every area in our country.