ObjectiveTo review recent research progress in the use of auxiliary components of nerve conduits for the treatment of peripheral nerve injuries. MethodsAn extensive review of recent domestic and international literature was conducted to evaluate the role of auxiliary components in nerve conduits for peripheral nerve repair, with a focus on their effects and underlying mechanisms. ResultsBy incorporating auxiliary components such as bioactive molecules, therapeutic cells, and their derivatives, nerve conduits can create a more biomimetic regenerative microenvironment. This is achieved by providing neurotrophic support, modulating the immune microenvironment, improving blood and oxygen supply, and offering directional guidance for nerve regeneration. Consequently, the nerve conduit is transformed from a simple physical scaffold into an active, bio-functional repair system, which enhances the therapeutic efficacy for PNI. ConclusionWhile nerve conduits augmented with auxiliary components demonstrate improved treatment efficacy, further advancements are required in drug delivery systems and the integration of cellular components. Moreover, most current studies are based on animal or in vitro experiments. Randomized controlled clinical trials are necessary to validate their clinical effectiveness.