ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristic and treatment of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm. MethodsFrom January 2011 to July 2015, the clinical characteristic and treatment of 74 patients with gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm in The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. ResultsCases of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm were increasing year by year. This study includes statistics of 74 patients. The number of male and female were 47 and 27, the rate was 1.74:1, the median age was 57.5 years old ranging from 24 up to 82 years. Of all the 74 cases, there were 38 cases (51.4%) in the stomach, 23 cases (31.1%) in rectum, 12 cases (16.2%) in colon, 1 case in duodenum. Of all the 74 cases with clinical symptom information, non-functional symptom accounts for 95.9% (71/74), while functional symptom accounts only for 4.1% (3/74). There were treatment data of 74 cases, including 34 cases in radical surgery, 23 cases in endoscopic excision, 8 cases in local resection, 4 cases in palliative resection, and 5cases in conservative treatment. The lymphatic metastasis was associated with gender, tumor size, tumor depth of invasion and tumor differentiation (P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant between the lymphatic metastasis and tumor location (P > 0.05). Preoperative distant metastasis was associated with tumor size and tumor depth of invasion (P < 0.05). Syn had a higher positive rate than CgA (P < 0.01). The positive rate of Syn and CgA was respectively 96.1% (49/51) and 72.9% (35/48). Conciusions Cases of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm are increasing year by year, of which men has a higher morbidity than women. Radical surgery and endoscopic resection are the main treatment methods. The Syn and CgA test are helpful to the diagnosis of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine neoplasm.