The incidence, mortality, and disability rate of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) are high, and its surgical and medical treatment is still controversial. With the development of micro-neurosurgical technology, minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has made great progress in the treatment of SICH. It can remove intracerebral hematoma in the early stage after SICH and minimize or eliminate secondary brain injury, which is of great significance to reducing the mortality and disability rate. For many years, due to its continuous progress, MIS has been more and more widely used in the treatment of SICH. This article mainly reviews the progress of MIS in SICH and related clinical research at home and abroad, and briefly describes several innovative techniques related to MIS, which aims to promote the exchange of clinical experience in MIS of SICH.
Objective To investigate the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment of acute obstructive suppurative pancreatic ductitis (AOSPD). Method The literature reports on AOSPD at home and abroad were reviewed and analyzed comprehensively based on clinical experience. Results AOSPD was a rare clinically infectious disease of purulent pancreatic duct. Chronic pancreatitis and ampullary operations were the main pathogenesis factors. The clinical symptoms were non-specific, and the imaging manifestations were pancreatic duct dilatation and pancreatic duct calculi. The clinical diagnosis was mainly determined by epigastrium CT or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, which was easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. Conclusion The clinical diagnosis of AOSPD is difficult, early pancreatic duct drainage is the key to the treatment, and attention should be paid to its diagnosis and treatment.
Objective To investigate the effect of sarcopenia on postoperative complications in patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy（PD）. Methods The data of 225 patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in the Nanjing Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University (Nanjing First Hospital) from March 2012 to February 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The total area of the skeletal muscle was measured by CT images at the level of the third lumbar vertebra for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. The patients were divided into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group. The clinical data and surgical complications were compared between the two groups to explore the relationship between sarcopenia and postoperative complications. Results Compared with the non-sarcopenia group, the patients in the sarcopenia group were older and had lower hemoglobin concentration, lower serum albumin concentration, and higher total bilirubin levels (P<0.05). The incidences of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (grade B and C fistula), pulmonary infection, atelectasis and hypoxemia in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group (P<0.05). The length of ICU stay and perioperative mortality in the sarcopenia group were significantly higher than those in the non-sarcopenia group (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that sarcopenia, preoperative total bilirubin level, pancreatic duct diameter and pancreatic texture were independent risk factors for clinically relevant pancreatic fistula (P<0.05). Sarcopenia, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative abdominal infection were independent risk factors for pulmonary complications after PD (P<0.05). Conclusions Sarcopenia is an independent risk factor for increased incidence of clinically relevant pancreatic fistula and pulmonary complications after PD. Strengthening perioperative nutritional therapy and rehabilitation exercise in patients with sarcopenia is of great significance to reduce postoperative complications of PD.