“Patient profile” is a specific application of user profile technology in the field of healthcare. As an emerging means of integrating health information, it provides personalized and precise health management for patients by analyzing multidimensional health data, improving health management effectiveness, reducing medical costs, and increasing their satisfaction and participation. It has broad application prospects in the field of nursing, but the current research status of its application in the field of nursing is not clear. This article reviews the application progress of patient profile based on big data in the field of nursing at home and abroad, systematically analyzes its construction methods, application scenarios, implementation effects and challenges, and puts forward relevant suggestions, aiming to provide references for the precise and intelligent development of nursing services.