Breast cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women. Typically, the operation of breast cancer should include breast surgery and axillary lymph node surgery since breast cancer first metastasizes to regional axillary lymph nodes. However, postoperative breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCRL) in upper limb is the most common long-term complication. The injury to upper limb lymphatic system contributes to causing the postoperative BCRL. Therefore, precision medicine in the extent of axillary lymph node surgery plays an important role in preventing BCRL which can improve the quality of life in breast cancer patients.
Precision poverty alleviation is the key task of China’s development, and its accuracy needs to be ensured in the implementation process. From the perspective of policy tools, this article defines the types of precision health poverty alleviation policy tools and explains the specific tools included in each type. Precision health poverty alleviation includes precision identification, precision implementation and precision assessment. This article also analyzes the selection of policy tools in different links. On this basis, combined with the choice of policy tools and the actual development of China, the problems in the application of different types of policy tools are summarized, and corresponding suggestions are put forward based on the existing problems. The purpose of this article is to providea reference for promoting the implementation of precision health poverty alleviation policies.
By analyzing the current situation and problems of China’s precision healthy poverty alleviation, combining the current situation of poverty alleviation areas and its own clinical and regional advantages, West China Hospital of Sichuan University explores a practical “West China Way” to solve the healthy poverty problem. We insist on demand orientation, build the top-level design, and implement precise policies. Starting with the promotion of health screening, we actualizes hospital management, multi-disciplinary collaboration, integrated medical care construction according to regional needs, “double-group” style assistance, stratified and graded training, and telemedicine education. As the combination of “transfusion” and “hematopoiesis”, we help the local areas to build modern systems of hospital management, technology, and human resource.
ObjectivesTo initially construct a scientific, reasonable and precision medicine technology value judgment framework suitable for China’s national conditions based on expert consultation method, so as to provide scientific value judgment system support for China's medical insurance decision-making.MethodsThe preliminary evaluation indicator system for precision medicine technology value was established by using literature analysis and expert consultation method, and the direct weighting method was used to determine the indicators weight.ResultsAfter two rounds of expert consultation, an indicator system suitable for the value judgment of precision medicine technology in China was constructed, including 5 primary indicators (health needs, health effects, economics, innovation and suitability) and 14 secondary indicators. Each indicator was weighted according to importance.ConclusionsA set of precision medicine value judgment indicator system suitable for China has been initially established, which lays a certain foundation for further measurement research of the indicator system and provides a scientific basis for medical insurance decision-making.
ObjectiveTo summarize current patient-derived organoids as preclinical cancer models, and its potential clinical application prospects. MethodsCurrent patient-derived organoids as preclinical cancer models were reviewed according to the results searched from PubMed database. In addition, how cancer-derived human tumor organoids of pancreatic cancer could facilitate the precision cancer medicine were discussed. ResultsThe cancer-derived human tumor organoids show great promise as a tool for precision medicine of pancreatic cancer, with potential applications for oncogene modeling, gene discovery and chemosensitivity studies. ConclusionThe cancer-derived human tumor organoids can be used as a tool for precision medicine of pancreatic cancer.
Precision medicine is a personalized medical system based on patients' individual biological information, clinical symptoms and signs, forming a new clinical research model and medical practice path. The basic idea of traditional Chinese medicine and the concept of precision medicine share many similarities. The basket trial developed for precision medicine is also suitable for clinical trials and evaluation of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome differentiation and treatment systems. Basket trials are used to evaluate the efficacy of a drug in the treatment of multiple diseases or disease subtypes. It has the advantages of sharing a master protocol, unifying management of subsidiary studies, simplifying the test implementation process, unifying statistical analysis, saving resources, reducing budgets and accelerating the drug evaluation progress. This is similar to the concept of using the "same treatment for different diseases" found in traditional Chinese medicine. This paper introduced the concept and method of basket trials and explored their application and advantages in clinical research into traditional Chinese medicine. This study is expected to provide references for the methodological innovation of clinical research into traditional Chinese medicine.
Health poverty alleviation is an important practice in implementing the basic strategy of precision poverty alleviation. It is also an important measure to win the battle against poverty in rural areas. Through the investigation of local medical and health conditions, West China Hospital of Sichuan University built a demand-oriented framework for medical poverty alleviation in Ganzi Prefecture, and gradually carried out precision top-level design, discipline construction, technical training, talent training, endemic disease prevention and control; through establishinga regional medical cooperation network, built featured specialies, built the backbone of medical and health forces, achieved the prevention of endemic diseases throughout life cycle, and improved the overall medical and health service capacity of Ganzi Prefecture. This article introduces the exploration and practice of the demand-oriented model in Ganzi Prefecture by West China Hospital of Sichuan University, aiming at providing a guide for the precision health poverty alleviation in China.
Basing on development of medical model, new national diagnostic standard is interpreted according to three aspects: classification, diagnostic standard, and diagnostic contents. Tracheobronchial tuberculosis and tuberculous pleurisy are added into the classification. The value of molecular and pathological techniques for diagnosis of the pulmonary tuberculosis is emphasized. The status of drug-resistance is included in the diagnostic content. Two opinions are suggested: some practical methods such as diagnostic chemotherapy are indicated in some grassroots areas, while new molecular techniques for detection of DNA/RNA of mycobacteria and resistant mutation are encouraged in some suitable institutions.
This paper introduces the background and research design (including site of investigation, study population, baseline survey and follow-up monitoring), which belongs to the Precision Medicine Project of the National Key Research and Development Program of China.
Precision medicine is an individualized clinical research model established according to gene, environment, lifestyle and other information. As an innovative method of clinical trials, the main scheme design breaks the barriers of traditional randomized controlled trials to the evaluation of targeted therapies in precision medicine and improves the efficiency of clinical research. This paper will systematically introduce the types, concepts and principles of the main scheme design of the new method of precision medicine clinical trial design, and summarize the advantages and limitations of the main scheme design combined with classic cases, aiming at providing scientific and rigorous methodological guidance and clinical practice experience for precision medicine scientific research design.