ObjectiveTo investigate the oral health status of three to five year-old Uygur and Han children in Yining region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide scientific basis of corresponding countermeasures. MethodsA stratified, multistage and cluster sampling method was used to select 1 000 three to five year-old preschoolers from urban and rural districts in Yining region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. The dental caries rate and oral health situation of included children by age, sex, nationality, and region were analyzed. ResultA total of 965 children were included. The response rate was 96.5%. The prevalence of deciduous dental caries was 81.24% with the mean DMFT score of 4.44. There were significant differences in levels of caries among different age groups, the prevalence of dental caries and mean DMFT score increased gradually as the children were growing up (P<0.05). The rate of filling teeth was 1.66%, and untreated caries was 98.34%. Maxillary deciduous central incisors and mandibular deciduous molar were most prone to decay. There were significant different oral hygiene status and malocclusion levels between the Uygur and Han, urban and rural districts, different age groups (all P values <0.05). ConclusionThe oral health status among three to five year-old preschoolers is not optimistic in Yining region of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Integrated treatment and preventive programs are urgently needed.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the diagnostic accuracy of MRI in preschool children with autism spectrum disorder. MethodsDatabases including Web of Science, PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CBM, CNKI, WanFang Data, and VIP were electronically searched for studies on MRI in diagnosis of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder from inception to January 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias the included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using Meta-Disc, RevMan 5.4 and Stata 16.0 software. ResultsA total of 17 studies were finally included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, diagnosis odds ratio and area under the curve of SROC were 0.78 (95%CI 0.76 to 0.81), 0.77 (95%CI 0.75 to 0.79), 3.92 (95%CI 2.83 to 5.41), 0.28 (95%CI 0.23 to 0.35), 14.8 (95%CI 9.31 to 23.52) and 0.86, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed that the source of patients, age, prediction methods and analysis features were potential sources of heterogeneity. Heterogeneity in the subgroup of 1-3 years old was small, and the pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of SROC were 0.81 (95%CI 0.76 to 0.85), 0.82 (95%CI 0.78 to 0.86) and 0.87, respectively. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of SROC for non-site studies were 0.80 (95%CI 0.75 to 0.84), 0.80 (95%CI 0.76 to 0.85) and 0.86, respectively. ConclusionMRI has a high accuracy in the diagnosis of preschool children with autism spectrum disorder; however, the possibility of misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis should be considered. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
Objective To systematically review the effects of the early childhood physical activity program (ECPAP) on gross motor skill (GMS) in preschool children. Methods We searched Web of Science, PubMed, Cochrane Library, EBSCO SPORTDiscus with Full Text, CNKI, WanFangData and VIP databases to collect randomized controlled trails (RCT) about ECPAP for improving GMS in preschool children from the establishment of the database to August 8, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.4.1 and Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 18 studies including 1 141 children in experimental group and 1 135 children in control group were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that after ECPAP, the GMS (SMD=1.96, 95%CI 1.44 to 2.49), locomotor skills (SMD=1.15, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.46) and manipulative skills (SMD=1.25, 95%CI 0.84 to 1.65) of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion ECPAC is considered to significantly promote the GMS of preschool children. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.