Cell senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest and simultaneously secretes inflammatory factors, chemokines and other senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP), which plays an important role in the progression of kidney diseases, metabolic diseases and other diseases. Renal tubular cell (RTC) senescence is a key cellular biological event in the progression of acute kidney injury (AKI). Senescent RTCs not only inhibit the regeneration and repair of AKI, but also release SASP to promote the progression of AKI. Inhibition of RTC senescence, targeted removal of senescent RTCs or promotion of senescent RTCs apoptosis could improve the prognosis of AKI, indicating that these methods have broad application prospects.